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Assessment of climate parameters and their relationship with aerosol optical depth over Katsina city, Nigeria

100%
Anosike C. C.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2025
|
vol. 59
1-13
EN
Climate variability, characterized by fluctuations in weather patterns over time, significantly influences regional ecosystems and human societies. Tiny particles suspended in the atmosphere, aerosol, play a crucial role in climate variability by interacting with solar radiation and affecting cloud formation and precipitation. This study investigates the relationship between climatic parameters (rainfall and precipitation) and aerosol optical depth and their temporal variability in Katsina City, Katsina Nigeria, from 2002 to 2022. AOD exhibited pronounced seasonal variations, with a high value trend during the dry season. AOD was at its highest peak in 2008 and lowest trend in 2018. For the seasonal variation, AOD was observed least in the month of August during the study. Rainfall patterns displayed distinct seasonal trend, concentrated between April and October, while temperature at the study location during the study period was hot year through. In this study, a significant negative correlation was found between AOD and rainfall, suggesting that increased aerosol loading may inhibit precipitation. This finding aligns with the understanding that aerosols can modify cloud microphysics, potentially leading to less efficient rain formation. However, the relationship between AOD and temperature was found to be weak, indicating that other factors likely exert a stronger influence on temperature variations in the study area. Understanding the complex interplay between aerosols, rainfall, and temperature is crucial for assessing the impacts of climate variability and developing effective adaptation strategies. Further research is needed to investigate the specific mechanisms driving these interactions and to assess the potential impacts of these findings on regional climate and air quality management.
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Assessment of the Correlation between Aerosol Optical Depth and Respiratory Diseases over Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria, for 10 Years

84%
Anosike C. C., Nwofor O., Achukee C., Chinaza I. E.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2024
|
vol. 57
119-130
EN
Atmospheric Aerosols are highly abundant in windblown dust events originating in arid and semi-arid areas. Aerosols are dangerous to human health when the emission rate is presumably high. Harmattan dust is considered to be amongst the most harmful of all air pollutants due to the toxic effect of the dust constituents. Respiratory infections make up more than 20% of the causes of human mortality and morbidity. This study was carried out to assess the correlation between aerosol loading and respiratory diseases at Zaria, Kaduna State in North-Central Nigeria. The aerosol data were accessed from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectra-radiometer (MODIS) platform, while data on respiratory diseases were obtained from Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U) Teaching Hospital Shika, Zaria, Nigeria from Jan 2009 – Dec 2018. Within that period, 2022 patients were diagnosed with different ranges of respiratory diseases. Out of 2022 516 (25.52%) were adult male, 455 (22.5%) were female, while teenagers were constituted 290 (14.34%), children were 385 (19.04%), and infants were 376 (18.6%). The correlation between aerosol optical depth and the number of cases of respiratory ailments was evaluated. A correlation coefficient of 0.65 was evaluated in the dry season, while in the rainy season the correlation coefficient was -0.55, overall correlation for an inter-annual variation is 0.27 while for the seasonal variation is 0.49. These results suggest that there is a positive correlation between aerosol loading and respiratory cases at Zaria. It also shows that the correlation between the dry seasons is high compared to the rainy season.
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