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1

Tissue-culture-responsive and autotetraploidy-responsive changes in metabolic profiles of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

100%
Filipecki M., Yin Z., Wisniewska A., Smiech M., Malinowski R., Malepszy S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2006
|
vol. 47
|
issue 1
17-21
EN
Somaclonal variation commonly occurs during in vitro plant regeneration and may introduce unintended changes in numerous plant characters. In order to assess the range of tissue-culture-responsive changes on the biochemical level, the metabolic profiles of diploid and tetraploid cucumber R1 plants regenerated from leaf-derived callus were determined. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry were used for monitoring of 48 metabolites and many significant changes were found in metabolic profiles of these plants as compared to a seed-derived control. Most of the changes were common to diploids and tetraploids and were effects of tissue culture. However, tetraploids showed quantitative changes in 14 metabolites, as compared to regenerated diploids. These changes include increases in serine, glucose-6P, fructose-6P, oleic acid and shikimic acid levels. Basing on this study we conclude that the variation in metabolic profiles does not correlate directly with the range of genome changes in tetraploids.
2

Spontanous tetraploids of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.s.I.).I.Origin and some morphological characters

88%
Kazimierski T., Kazimierska E. M.
Genetica Polonica
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1994
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vol. 35
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issue 4
271-284
EN
The studies focused on the mechanism of autotetraploid plant occurrence in a hybrid progeny obtained from crossing geographically distant white lupin subspecies.It has been found that autotetraploid plants occurred : a) parthenogenetically - through dupllication of chromosome number in an unreduced megaspore; b) amphimitically - due to duplication of chromosome number in part of somatic cells: in sectors with a doubled chromosome number there occur 2n gametes.Tetraploid plants occurred parthenogenetically died in the next generation, wheres those occurred amphimitically on chimera plants appeared to be viable.Autotetraploid plants in comparison to diploid forms flowered and matured later were less fertile and characterized by larger seeds.
3

Fertility improvement in pea (Pisum sativum L.) autotetraploids - mutation breeding

75%
Kumar H., Mercykuty V. C., Srivastava C. P.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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1995
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vol. 36
|
issue 1
43-48
EN
C2 seeds of autotetraploids (colchicine-induced) of two diverse genotypes, T 163 and 5064-S, of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and their corresponding diploids were irradiated with 10 kR gamma-ray.Autotetraploids showed high seed-sterility as compared to diploids.Seed fertility increased in M2 as compared to M1.Both quadrivalent and bivalent frequancies desreased in the M1 generation of autotetraploids in relation to their respective controls.However, a positive shift in the mean bivalent formation was noted at the cost of other configurations in C3-M2 with respect to C2-M1 and varied with the genotype.In the M2 generation of autotetraploic, the variability was relatively higher for the number of pods per plnt and seed yield per plant.Although the mean values for pods per plant, number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plant remained more or less parallel in autotetraloids in M1 and M2 generations, there was an increase in the upper range limit probably due to micromutation for these characters in M2.
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