Search results

1

Causes of death in HIV-infected patients in the region of Lodz, Poland from 1995 through 2005

100%

Jabłonowska E., Małolepsza E.

Open Medicine

|

2009

|

vol. 4

|

issue 2

179-183

EN

In 2005, 440 patients infected with HIV were registered in the AIDS center in Lodz, Poland. The aim of our study was to analyze the causes of death in 70 fatal cases. We analyzed the data from 70 fatal cases from 1995 through 2005. Of the fatal cases we investigated, 10 were in women and 60 in men. The most common route of HIV transmission was intravenous drug use (50%). At the time of death, the mean age of patients was 36,48 years, and the mean CD4 count was 115,14 cells per microliter. The mean time from HIV diagnosis to death was 3,75 years. The leading cause of death in the group from 1995 through 2004 was AIDS. In 2002, liver diseases resulting from hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were the cause of death in two patients. In 2005, two patients died as a result of myocardial infarction. The prevalence of fatal cases decreased from 9,09 % in 1995 to 1,59 % in 2005. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was found in 4 of 62 patients (6,45%), anti-HCV in 28 patients (45,16%), and both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV infection in 5 patients (8,07%). Coinfections occurred most frequently in intravenous drug users (IDUs). In conclusions: (1) AIDS is still the leading cause of death in HIV-positive patients in the Lodz region; (2) the emerging cause of death in HIV-positive patients is liver disease as the sequel of HBV and HCV coinfections; (3) heart disease is becoming an important cause of death in HIV-positive patients.

2

Potential for immune reconstitution by G-CSF treatment in HIV patients

100%

von_ A. S., Hartung T.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

|

2002

|

vol. 50

|

issue 2

111-120

EN

New treatment strategies for HIV/AIDS are very successful in reducing viral load. However, reconstitution of the immune system takes about one year and may be insufficient or remain incomplete. During this time the patient remains prone to opportunistic infections as a result of the complex immune dysfunction caused by the virus. Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has diverse immunomodulatory properties which may be beneficial to aid immune reconstitution.

3

HIV-macrophage interactions at the cellular and molecular level

100%

Khat M., James W., Gordon S.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

|

2001

|

vol. 49

|

issue 5

367-378

EN

Macrophages, centrally involved in both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, are not only the chief target of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but also its main reservoir and vehicle of transmission. Macrophage-tropic viruses are responsible for the initial infection, predominate in the asymptomatic phase, and persist throughout infection, even after the emergence of preferential T cell- and/or dual-tropic HIV-1 variants. Functional impairment of HIV-infected macrophages plays a role in the immune dysregulation characteristic of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Efforts directed ant understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying HIV-macrophage interactions remain the basis for devising novel and efficacious therapeutic strategies against HIV and the AIDS epidemic

4

Ocena stanu wiedzy młodych ludzi na temat HIV/AIDS

100%

Janiszewska E., Pluta D., Dobosz T.

|

issue 1

24-29

EN

Introduction. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the most serious infectious diseases on a global scale. Since the outbreak of the epidemic there was 78 million people infected with HIV, 35 million of whom have died. The AIDS control in Poland began in 1988. Aim. Assessment the knowledge level of young Polish people about AIDS. Materials and methods. The survey was conducted among 346 people utilizing the social media channels. They received 11 questions including the basic definitions, ways of infection and diagnosis of AIDS. Results. The results of our study confirm that people have insufficient knowledge of this serious disease. Less than 40% of all respondents could point the most common paths of infection and the time of first symptoms after exposure. Nearly 50% knew that AIDS and HIV are not equal terms. Conclusions. There is a need to raise awareness about HIV and AIDS. Young people should learn much more about mechanisms, symptoms and particularly prevention of this still untreatable disorder.

PL

Wprowadzenie. Zespół nabytego niedoboru odporności, AIDS (ang. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), wywoływany przez ludzkiego wirusa niedoboru odporności (HIV, ang. human immunodeficiency virus) to jedna z najpoważniejszych chorób w skali świata. Szacuje się, że od wybuchu epidemii zakażeniu wirusem uległo 78 milionów ludzi, a około 35 milionów chorych zmarło. W Polsce epidemiologia i problematyka AIDS oraz HIV została podjęta w 1988 roku. Cel pracy. Ocena stanu wiedzy młodych ludzi na temat HIV i AIDS. Materiały i metody. Przeprowadzono ankietę internetową wśród 346 osób. Respondenci otrzymali 12 pytań na temat podstawowych pojęć, dróg zakażenia oraz diagnostyki AIDS. Wyniki. Wyniki ankiety potwierdzają, że wiedza młodych ludzi na temat HIV i AIDS jest niewystarczająca. Niecałe 40% ankietowanych potrafiło wskazać poprawnie główne drogi infekcji oraz prawidłowy przedział czasu pomiędzy ekspozycją a pojawieniem się pierwszych niespecyficznych objawów. Blisko połowa badanych miała świadomość, że pojęcia AIDS i HIV nie są tożsame. Wnioski. Istnieje potrzeba szerzenia wiedzy na temat HIV i AIDS, szczególnie wśród młodych ludzi. Tylko świadomość mechanizmu choroby, dróg zakażenia, a przede wszystkim możliwej profilaktyki, pozwoli na zminimalizowanie ryzyka zachorowania na chorobę, na którą obecnie wciąż nie wynaleziono remedium.

5

Role of immune-derived diffusible mediators in AIDS-associated neurological disorders

100%

Ensoli F., Fiorelli V., De- C. M., Santini M. D., Novi A., Isgro A., Aiuti F.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

|

2000

|

vol. 48

|

issue 4

259-266

EN

Neurologic abnormalities are common in HIV-1 infected patients and often represent the dominant clinical manifestation of pediatric AIDS. Although the neurological dysfunction has been directly related to CNS invasion by HIV-1, the pathogenesis of neurologic disorders remains unclear. This review will first discuss the spectrum of potential interactions between HIV-1 and neural (neuronal and glial) cells, in the face of experimental data. Next, we will focus on the role of immune-derived cytokines and other soluble compounds which have been proposed to act as neurotoxic mediators and appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of AIDS-associated neurodegeneration.

6

Structural studies of algal lectins with anti-HIV activity

88%

Ziółkowska N. E., Wlodawer A.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2006

|

vol. 53

|

issue 4

617-626

EN

A number of antiviral lectins, small proteins that bind carbohydrates found on viral envelopes, are currently in pre-clinical trials as potential drugs for prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other enveloped viruses, such as the Ebola virus and the coronavirus responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Lectins of algal origin whose antiviral properties make them candidate agents for prevention of viral transmission through topical applications include cyanovirin-N, Microcystis viridis lectin, scytovirin, and griffithsin. Although all these proteins exhibit significant antiviral activity, their structures are unrelated and their mode of binding of carbohydrates differs significantly. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the structures of algal lectins, their mode of binding of carbohydrates, and their potential medical applications.

7

Physiotherapeutic Management of People Living with HIV/AIDS

88%

Adesina M. A., Kanmodi K. K.

|

EN

The Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that causes HIV infection, and over time, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV infection (simply called HIV at its early stage and AIDS at its later stage) is a very prevalent global disease condition affecting about 36.7 million people, both young and old. Sadly, HIV/AIDS affects almost all the systems in the body (particularly the neurological and musculoskeletal systems), which may result into physical disability. Physiotherapists are known to play important roles in the management of physical disability. In this paper, the authors provide information on the clinical and epidemiological features of HIV/AIDS, as well as the treatment modalities for the neurological and musculoskeletal problems experienced by people living with HIV/AIDS.

8

Cytokines in HIV-positive individuals and AIDS patients

63%

Piasecki E.

|

vol. 49

|

issue 1

125-135

9

HIV i AIDS – współczesne dylematy

63%

Brodziak A.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

|

2011

|

vol. 65

|

issue 1-2

38-47

EN

The authors discuss new data on morbidity rates and susceptibility to HIV infection, next to the progress of AIDS. They quote the current epidemiological data, which show that in Central and Western European conutries the epidemic proceeds diff erently than in other regions of the world, so that it does not meet here pessimistic predictions about the expected rise of morbidity and mortality rates. The authors then focused on highlighting the detected diff erences in genetic and immunological state of recently discerned groups of patients, whose symptoms of AIDS do not appear for more than 10 years (LTNP – long term nonprogressors), and patients characterized by rapid disease progression (RP – rapid progressors), and in particular, people resistant to infection despite intensive exposure (EU-exposed uninfected). Discussed and detected diff erences enable to undertaken reasonable eff orts to develop an eff ective vaccine. What is more, the authors also mentioned the fi rst results achieved through new research methods, such as testing all genes (whole genome) of many individuals to detect diff erences occurring from individual to individual (genome-wide association study – GWA) or determination of all the particles within RNA profi les concerning a population of given cells (genome-wide transcriptome

PL

Autorzy omawiają nowe dane dotyczące zróżnicowania podatności na zakażenie HIV i zapadalność na AIDS oraz tempo progresji choroby. Na wstępie przypominają aktualne dane epidemiologiczne, z których wynika, iż w krajach Europy Środkowej i Zachodniej epidemia przebiega odmiennie niż w innych regionach świata, nie spełniły się tutaj pesymistyczne przewidywania dotyczące narastania zachorowalności i umieralności. Autorzy koncentrują się na odmiennościach w zakresie uwarunkowań genetycznych i immunologicznych w grupach chorych, u których objawy choroby AIDS nie występują przez okres dłuższy niż 10 lat (LTNP – long term nonprogressors) i chorych z szybkim postępem choroby (RP – rapid progressors) oraz w szczególności u osób odpornych na zakażenie mimo intensywnej ekspozycji (EU – exposed uninfected). Omówione w pracy różnice umożliwiają racjonalne scharakteryzowanie podejmowanych współcześnie prób opracowania skutecznej szczepionki. Wspomniano także o pierwszych efektach nowych metod badawczych, takich jak badanie wszystkich genów (całości genomów) wielu osobników w celu wykrycia różnic między osobnikami (genome-wide association study – GWA) lub oznaczanie profili wszystkich cząstek RNA pewnej populacji komórek (genome-wide transcriptome profiling study), które mogą zastosować jedynie bardzo dobrze wyposażone placówki badawcze.

10

Use of HIV as a gene transfer vector

63%

Pluta K., Kacprzak M.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2009

|

vol. 56

|

issue 4

531-595

EN

Despite the extensive research efforts over the past 25 years that have focused on HIV, there is still no cure for AIDS. However, tremendous progress in the understanding of the structure and biology of the HIV virus led to the development of safe and potent HIV-based transgene delivery vectors. These genetic vehicles are referred to as lentiviral vectors. They appear to be better suited for particular applications, such as transgene delivery into stem cells, compared to other viral- and non-viral vectors. This is because Lentivirus-based vectors can efficiently infect nondividing and slowly dividing cells. In the present review article, the current state of understanding of HIV-1 is discussed and the main characteristics that had an impact on vector design are outlined. A historical view on the vector concept is presented to facilitate discussion of recent results in vector engineering in a broader context. Subsequently, a state of the art overview concerning vector construction and vector production is given. This review also touches upon the subject of lentiviral vector safety and related topics that can be helpful in addressing this issue are discussed. Finally, examples of Lentivirus-based gene delivery systems and their applications are presented, with emphasis on animal transgenesis and human gene therapy.

Refine search results

Causes of death in HIV-infected patients in the region of Lodz, Poland from 1995 through 2005

Potential for immune reconstitution by G-CSF treatment in HIV patients

HIV-macrophage interactions at the cellular and molecular level

Ocena stanu wiedzy młodych ludzi na temat HIV/AIDS

Role of immune-derived diffusible mediators in AIDS-associated neurological disorders

Structural studies of algal lectins with anti-HIV activity

Physiotherapeutic Management of People Living with HIV/AIDS

Cytokines in HIV-positive individuals and AIDS patients

HIV i AIDS – współczesne dylematy

Use of HIV as a gene transfer vector