Impedance cardiography is a non-invasive, cheap and easy to use method of long term hemodynamic monitoring. Nowadays this method is perceived as an alternative for invasive monitoring of the patients. The goal of the presented papers was to compare the results of rheocardiography with reference invasive monitoring.
Cardiac output is one of the most valuable hemodynamic parameter. It is measured commonly with intravascular pressures by pulmonary artery catheterization technique. The cardiac output itself is measured by dilution of thermal marker method (thermodilution), which is not resistant for various disturbances. In this paper the influence of blood temperature on metrological properties of thermal dilution method was described.
Accelerometers embedded in the medical bed were used to examine the human cardiovascular system. N signals acquired from those sensors were described as 1D manifold and analysed using classical and affine differential geometry invariants. Experiments using elastic tube and two accelerometers were done to model human aorta and to prove the relation presented in the paper of Pinheiro et al.
The paper presents the concept of the interferometric fiber optic sensor system for human psycho-physical activity detection. A fiber optic sensor utilizes phase changes of propagating light to monitor patient's vital signs such as respiration cardiac activity, blood pressure and body's physical movements.
The paper presents results of extended static measurements of a newly developed optical system for temporary blood chamber volume measurements in the Polish Ventricular Assist Device. The paper additionally introduces a modified measurement stand and improvements of the measurements. Exemplary results acquired with principal components analysis are shown and future development plans of an optical measurement system are stated.
The article presents further developments of an optical system to be used in temporary blood volume measurements in the Polish ventricular assist device. The research focuses on quasi-dynamic measurements (flow rate of 5 ml/s). Characteristics of signals from selected configurations of optical transmitters and receivers are shown. A volume approximation using a PCA algorithm supported by a LRS function is introduced. Plans of further development are stated.
This paper presents the results of investigations on novel pressure measurement methods to be for used in the project "Polish Artificial Heart". The investigations concerned possible pressure sensors for noninvasive blood pressure measurements in selected points around the pneumatic ventricular assist device (POLVAD). The fiber pressure sensor and the possibility of pressure measurements with piezofoils were tested. The paper includes preliminary results and development plans.
The following paper introduces the problem of noninvasive pressure measurements in Polish artificial heart prosthesis. The pressure sensor is proposed and introduced, and preliminary tests are shown. The paper deals with the proposed sensing elements, requirement noninvasive solution and preliminary tests of polyurethane membrane transmission. The paper includes also experimental results of a fiber pressure sensor introducing noninvasive pressure measurements with pressure transmission through a polyurethane tube wall.
The scope of an article that is presented below covers a preliminary analysis of a wireless link of ultrasound signal transmission in commercial radio frequency band (UHF). The radio link is used to transmit short ultrasound bat-like biosonar signals. Because of complicated structure properties and of transmitted signals the various methods of wireless transmission are shown. The hardware implementation consists of micro-electro-mechanical system microphone, microphone preamplifier and FM transmitter. At the end of the radio link a standard FM receiver is used. Since we use frequency modulation an influence of the radio link on received signal parameters is presented. The analysis of results provides us a set of information that might be used in designing of large scale wireless sensor networks for bats behavior monitoring.
One of the most fundamental examination in intensive care medicine is cardiac output measurement, realized by pulmonary artery catherization. The thermodilution cardiac output estimation method is not resistant to various kinds of disturbances, which significantly decreases its sensitivity and specificity. The paper depicts investigations related to analysis of presumable new source of unreliability - asymmetric blood flow through pulmonary vessels. The investigations consisted of two phases: clinical examination (to obtain anatomical data) and computer modeling (to simulate the flow symmetry).
The article presents researches concerning a system for a possible blood volume measurements applied in POLVAD prosthesis. The proposed solution is based on the Helmholtz resonance principle. The article shows the state of art in blood volume sensors for using in the POLVAD prosthesis and introduces a newly proposed solution. The construction of the sensor and the results of static tests are presented. The work is summarized with future development plans.
The reflection, absorption and scattering influence on turbid structure has been discussed. The influence of transverse scanning method on geometrical deformations as well as issues of thickness absolute measurements and refractive index evaluation methods has been analyzed. A number of phenomena which may be the artefact source and the cause of tomogram incorrect interpretation have been pointed out.
The article presents preliminary research of an optical system for using in the temporary blood volume measurements in the Polish Ventricular Assist Device (POLVAD). The basis for the proposed solution is the measurement of the light reflected from the membrane in different configurations of light emitters and light detectors. The paper is describing a proposed measurement technique, measurement circuit and preliminary static measurements results of the developed measurement system. Future development plans are stated.
The paper presents optical fiber sensors for point investigation of cancer tissues. The construction of several sensors has been described, including selection of proper optical fiber as well as the construction of measuring head. Being part of medical endoscopes, presented sensors can be applied to investigate autofluorescence spectra in various tissue areas. The level of autofluorescence intensity indicates the stage of disease advancement. The paper presents the results of investigating autofluorescence spectra for different cancer tissues. Various areas of cancer tissues have been investigated in order to determine the level of disease advancement. In the paper new constructions of fluorescent fiber sensors are presented. The sensors were used to investigate human and animal normal and tumor tissues. The fiber sensors, possible to use in videoendoscopy, are very small. The comparative analysis of fluorescent spectra of normal and tumor tissues is presented.
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