Using the power flow equation, we have examined mode coupling in a step-index multimode glass optical fiber. As a result, the coupling length at which the equilibrium mode distribution is achieved and the length of fiber required for achieving the steady-state mode distribution are obtained. These lengths are much longer for glass fiber than they are for plastic optical fibers. Our results are in good agreement with experimental results reported earlier.
A recently reported function for calculation of the coupling length at which the equilibrium mode distribution is achieved in step-index plastic optical fibers is compared to a long established calculation method and to experimental findings. The recent function, while simpler to apply as it eliminates the need to numerically solve the power flow equation repeatedly for every case, is also more accurate for high numerical aperture (0.45 to 0.5) plastic optical fibers.
The analytical solution of the time-dependent power flow equation is employed to calculate impulse response in a step-index plastic optical fiber. Results are given at different fiber lengths and are shown to agree with those reported in the literature. Mode-dependent attenuation, modal dispersion and mode coupling in plastic optical fibers are known to affect fiber-optic power delivery, data transmission, and sensing systems.
We report results of EPR measurements of activated carbon fibers. Experiments made for pristine activated carbon fibers and activated carbon fibers with adsorbed molecules (CCl_4, C_6H_5NO_2, and H_2O) confirmed the localized character of paramagnetic centers observed in the system. Pristine activated carbon fibers are characterized by single Lorentzian line. Broader component of EPR signal appears when guest molecules are adsorbed in nanopores. The strongest localization is observed for water-filled activated carbon fibers nanopores (with hydrophobic pore walls) where changes in distance between nanographite particles were monitored by the g-shift to higher values. This process is related to stronger spin-orbit interaction of electrons trapped at nanographite particles compressed by guest molecules.
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