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Spontaneous spike-wave discharges in rat neocortex and their relation to behaviour

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Gralewicz S., Wiaderna D., Stetkiewicz J., Tomas T.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2000
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vol. 60
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issue 3
323-332
EN
A certain proportion of laboratory rats of various strains show spontaneous nonconvulsive ECoG seizures in the form of bursts of spike-and-wave discharges (SWD). Since in the majority of behavioural experiments the EEG is not controlled, the experimenter is usually unaware of this fact. The purpose of the present work was to find out whether the SWD trait is related to the rats behavioural performance in selected test situations. The experiment was performed on two groups of male Wistar rats, outbreds, aged six (group 6M, n = 17) and 24 months (group 24M, n = 14). First, in both groups the following forms of behaviour were assessed: (1) seeking water reward in an 8-arm radial maze, (2) exploration of a new object, (3) inhibition of a locomotor response (passive avoidance), and (4) paw-lick response to a thermal stimulus (54.5oC) applied to the feet before and after intermittent footshock. The rats were then implanted with intrabrain electrodes and the level of SWD activity was assessed. Rats of the 24M group, compared with those of the 6M one, showed a significantly shorter exploratory response to a new object and diminished responsiveness to heat. The groups did not differ, however, in passive avoidance and radial maze performance. The analysis of 3-h ECoG sections revealed SWD bursts in 73% and nearly 93% of rats from groups 6M and 24M, respectively. The groups did not differ in the number of bursts or in the total duration of SWD activity. A correlation analysis of pooled data from both groups revealed that the exploration time of a new object was significantly (negatively) correlated with the number of SWD episodes. The total duration of SWD activity, and the number of perseveration errors in the radial maze, was significantly (positively) correlated with the total duration of SWD activity. The results suggest that SWD rats are behaviourally impaired in some test situations.
2
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Spontaneous seizure electrocortical activity in rats: relation to arousal level

100%
Gralewicz S., Luczak C., Tomas T., Wiaderna D.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1994
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vol. 54
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issue 1
19-31
3
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Behavioural responsiveness to amphetamine or scopolamine following repeated exposure to chlorphenvinphos in rats

100%
Gralewicz S., Lutz P., Tomas T.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2002
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vol. 62
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issue 2
75-83
EN
A number of reports indicate that exposure to organophosphates (OPs), inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), may result in long-lasting neurobehavioural alterations suggestive of an increased cholinergic tone. It is known that rats with cholinergic hyperreactivity are behaviourally hyposensitive to cholinergic antagonists and dopaminergic agonists.The purpose of the present study was to find out whether a similar trait would develop in rats exposed to chlorphenvinphos (CVP), an OP pesticide, in the past. The rats were given ten daily i.p. injections of CVP at doses of 0.5 mg/kg (group P-0.5) or 1.0 mg/kg (group P-1.0). The locomotion stimulating effect of i.p. injection of 1.0 mg/kg amphetamine (AMPH), or 0.7 mg/kg scopolamine (SCOP), was assessed on postexposure day 21 (group P-0.5) or 42 (group P-1.0), i.e. after a time sufficient for AChE recovery. The assessment revealed that in group P-1.0 the behavioural response to AMPH and SCOP was significantly depressed. In rats of the P-0.5 group, however, the behavioural response to each of the drugs was increased. The results suggest that, depending on the exposure level, contrasting alterations in some neurotransmitter systems may be induced by repeated exposure to CVP.
4
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Development of the age-related spontaneous spike-wave discharges in rat neocortex and exposure to a model neurotoxin

100%
Gralewicz S., Luczak C., Wiaderna D., Tomas T.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1995
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vol. 55
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issue 1
65-71
EN
In laboratory rats an epileptic-like spontanous neocortical activity in the form of bursts of spike and wave discharges (SWD) develops gradually with age. High incidence of the SWD episodes is accopanied by the other indices characteristic of advanced age:memory disturbances and atropic changes within basal forebrain structures.Accordingly ,it has been proposed that the number and duration of the SWD episodes be regarded as a diagnostic marker to distinquish between young and old brains. It is suspected that exposure to neurotoxins may accelerate the progress of age-related neurodegeneration by predisposing neurons to premature death and thus hasten the appearance of age-related functional deficits. Analysing the development of SWD activity in exposed rats may be helpful for an assesment of the potency of the neurotoxin under study to exert such an effect.In the present work the influence of a three-month exposure to a model neurotoxin, ethanol (ETOH), on the development of the SWD in imp-DAK rats was investigated.It has been found that in rats given 10 solution as the only drink for three months, the incidence of the SWD episodes increased merkedly.The increase was most clearly seen after ETOH withdrawal and on the 90th day after exposure no tendency to decline could be observed.The obtained data indicate that exposure to exogenous substances may exert a distinquishable long-lasting influence on the development of the SWD activity.
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