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EN
This research aims to determine the highest level of fermented Lemna sp. used in artficial feed to produce optimum growth rate of Nilem Carp. This research was conducted from March to July 2016, in the Ciparanje Laboratory and Aquaculture Laboratory of the Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran. The method used in this research is experimental, and is of a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). It consists of five treatments and three repetitions, providing one commercial diet (as control) and four fermented Lemna sp. levels (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%). Collected data are analyzed with analysis of variance F-test at 95% confidence level. The parameters observed in this research are divided into four sub-parameters: nutrition changes of fermented Lemna sp., daily growth rate, feed conversion ratio and survival rate. The crude fiber content of Lemna sp. was reduced from 18.37% to 13.57%, and protein content increased from 19.37% to 23.47%, respectively, after fermentation. Based on the results of this research, fermented Lemna sp. used in fish feed at 40% level produced the best results: a daily growth rate at 0.75%, a feed conversion ratio at 3.61 and a survival rate of up to 100%.
EN
Goldfish is one of the most famous ornamental fish because of its body shape and color which was interesting to be maintained. The purpose of this research was to find the optimum dose of pumpkin and carrot flour combination on artificial feed to increase color brightness of goldfish. Complete Randomized Design with four treatments and four replications were used in the experiment. For the treatments, pumpkin flour 15%, pumpkin flour 7.5% with carrot flour 2.5% and carrot flour 5%, were studied. The parameters observed were color intensity, survival rate, and water quality. The results showed that supplementation of combination of pumpkin flour 7.5% with carrot flour 2.5% gave the highest color intensity of goldfish with TCF code 0815 and score 2.11 with 100% survival rate. Water qualities during the research were still in optimal condition.
EN
Scomberomorus guttatus is an economical valuable fish in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia. Indeed, the catch of large pelagic fish in Pangandaran water is dominated by Scomberomorus guttatus at around 42.30% of the total production of large pelagic fish in 2015-2017. The purpose of this research is to analyze length-weight relationship and condition factors of Scomberomorus guttatus. The samples were collected in August and September 2018 at Cikidang Fishing Port, Pangandaran Regency, West Java. The Scomberomorus guttatus observed during the research had total length ranging from 205 to 685 mmTL, and the length-weight relationship of Scomberomorus guttatus in Pangandaran water was indicated by the equation W=〖0,0000038L〗^3.0839. Furthermore, the growth pattern of Scomberomorus guttatus is positive allometric (b = 3.0839), meaning that weight growth is faster than length growth, while its condition factor range from 0.52 to 1.54 (average - 1.00 ±0.08).
EN
Mackerel of Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède, 1800) is a fish that has thick meat of a distinctive taste and is a favorite of Indonesian people. It is made into various types of processed seafood. The amount of edible flesh of the fish is 65%, meaning that the waste from the fish is 35%, including the head and bones. The purpose of this study was to determine the type and class of volatile compound components that can be drawn from mackerel head and fish bone, by making these into a broth. This study uses an experimental method by testing the composition of volatile flavor compounds and then undertaking proximate testing. The method of extracting volatile flavor compounds that was applied is Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME), while Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry (GC / MS) was harnessed to identify the volatile flavor. Accordingly, 150 compounds were detected in the sample of mackerel head broth, as compared with 133 compounds in mackerel bone broth. The compounds that were detected are hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, organic compounds and others. That which has the largest proportion is pentadecane from the hydrocarbon group, with a value of 18,545%. The proximate analysis results showed that mackerel head broth samples had a 96.08% water content, 1.55% ash content, 0.28% fat content and 2.78% protein content, while samples of mackerel bone broth had a 96.69% water content, 1.54% ash content, 0.44% fat content and 1.84% protein content.
EN
Sharks are marine animals that play an important role in marine ecosystems especially as the main predator, thus controlling the dynamics of populations of other organisms at lower trophic levels. Sharks are often caught as a byproduct of capture fisheries in Indonesia, making Indonesia one of the five largest shark contributing countries in the world according to the FAO. A study of shark populations needs to be done to evaluate its stock in nature. The Mayangan Coastal Fishery Port, Probolinggo is one of the largest fishing ports in East Java with the majority of fishing gear used being cantrang. This study will discuss the shark bycatch volume in fishing activities using cantrang fishing gear at PPP Mayangan, Probolinggo. The use of cantrang fishing gear in Mayangan Port Probolinggo has produced around 6242.9 kg of shark production each year for the past 10 years. The highest production was found in 2011 which reached 10980 kg while the lowest was in 2019 with a total production of 412 kg. The pattern of the development of shark catches at PPP Mayangan Probolinggo showed a decrease in the number of catches, indicating the enforcement of law regarding cantrang usage has been well adapted.
EN
This study focused on determining the amylase-producing ability of the intestinal microbes in cultured fresh water fishes – Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus. The bacterial isolates were identified on the basis of standard cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. The amylase production ability of the bacterial isolates was determined using starch agar. The mean viable count of the intestinal microbes ranged from 1.2 × 105 CFU/ml to 7.1 × 105 CFU/ml for tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) and from 2.0 × 104 CFU/ml to 8.9 × 104 CFU/ml for catfishes (Clarias gariepinus). Staphylococcus and Micrococcus were predominant for both tilapias and catfishes. Out of 24 isolates, 21 were amylase producers. These included the following bacteria genera: Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus. These results strongly suggest that intestinal microbes play a pivotal role in the digestion of starch in cultured freshwater fishes and should be explored for industrial amylase production.
EN
This research was conducted with the aim to analyze the presence of potential pathogenic bacteria in carp that are sold live in supermarkets in the city of Cimahi and to find out the species of these bacteria. Fish samples were obtained from two supermarkets in Cimahi City, Transmart and Superindo. From each supermarket three fish samples were taken once a week and repeated three times. Bacteria were isolated from several parts of the fish body namely body surface mucus, gills, liver, and kidneys. The results of isolation from each target organ were biochemically tested to determine the species of bacteria. Potential pathogenic bacteria found in carp from this research are Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas schubertii, Aeromonas media, Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas ecrenophila, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas ecrenophila, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, Neisseria mucosa, Citrobacter freundii, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Enterobacter sakazakii.
EN
Crayfish are valuable invertebrates that are constantly in great demand in all corners of the Earth. Breeding crayfish is not only large-scale production as it can also be arranged in small volumes using pools and installations of closed water supply. Cultivation of crayfish generates profit after a certain period of time, if all biotechnological norms of cultivation are considered. Cultivation of crayfish is a rather promising production, in which it is possible to obtain from 200 to 300% of stable profits during 3–4 years old. The article gives an overview of the technology of growing crayfish, taking into account the characteristics of farming in Ukraine. The basic biotechnological stages of the establishment and operation of the economy are determined, calculations of capital expenditures for the establishment of the economy are presented and the profitability of the project for the production of freshwater crayfish is determined. Cultivation of river crayfish makes it possible to obtain environmentally friendly products that can compete on the markets of Ukraine or EU countries. Also, this way of growing crayfish allows getting stocking material for release in natural reservoirs in order to restore the populations of river crayfish.
EN
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of butterfly pea leaf as a source of carotenoids on the quality of the color of the heads of swordtail fish. The study was conducted at the Aquaculture Laboratory, Building 4, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, from March to April 2019. The research method used an experimental approach with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications. Those treatments are 0%, 1%, 6% and 12% of butterfly pea leaf meal. The parameters observed included changes in head color quality, absolute weight growth, absolute length growth and water quality. Color observation data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis if there were differences between treatments. Multiple comparisons were performed with the Z test with a confidence level of 95%. Data on the length of growth rates and absolute weights were analyzed using analysis of variance via the F test. Here, 95% was set as the confidence level. If there were differences between treatments, this was followed by Duncan test with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the addition of 6% butterfly pea leaf meal in commercial feed was able to improve the best color on the part of the swordtail fish head. This saw an average color score 9.56 and color value of 82.2. Addition of carotenoids in feed, however, did not significantly influence the growth of absolute weight or length and water quality.
EN
This research is done to reveal the effect of water flow on the round container to increase the growth and survival rate in bonylip barb. The method used in this research is an experimental method using a Completely Random Design (CRD) which is consist of three treatments and five repetitions. The treatments are round container without water flow (A), round container with 0,1 m s-1 of water flow (B) and round container with 0,1 m s-1 of water flow with an additional venturi aerator. The numbers of bonylip barb fingerlings used in this research are 900 with a length of 1-3 cm. The container used in this research is 15 water gallons with a volume of 19L. The density of the container is 60 fish per container. Fish maintained for 40 days. The feeding rate given is 5% of the biomass. The observed parameters are survival rate, daily growth rate and feed conversion ratio observed every 10 days. The result showed that the water flow combined with the venturi aerator give the best result with 77.3% of survival rate, 3.12% of daily growth rate and 1.42 feed conversion ratio.
EN
Lalawak (Barbodes balleroides) is a fish that dominates the waters in the Jatigede Reservoir. This fish has a lot of thorns and bones, and in terms of processing it has not been used properly, so it is necessary to process it in a different way where one of them can be done using presto techniques. The purpose of this study is to determine the heating time to make the lalawak fish presto the most preferred by panelists. This study uses an experimental method with Friedman Test, multiple comparisons and Bayes Test for processing data with 3 treatments of warm-up time, namely 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes with 20 panelists as replications. The results of the hedonic test showed that the appearance and aroma were not significantly different between treatments, while the texture and taste were significantly different between treatments where the average value of treatment was 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes, respectively from the texture of 6.0; 6.3; 7.5, and taste which is 6.7; 7.1; 8.0. The treatment with a heating time of 120 minutes is the most preferred treatment by the panelists and this treatment is carried out by a proximate test to see the chemical content in it. The proximate test results for the prestige of lalawak fish with a 120-minute treatment were 36.56% moisture content; 29.68% protein; 12.66% fat; 4.78% ash; 16.32% carbohydrates; and 127.4 mg / 100 g calcium levels.
EN
This research aims to investigate the effect of adding potassium diformate to commercial feed on the increase of absolute growth rate and the activity of protease enzyme. The research was conducted from July to October 2019 in the Aquaculture Laboratory Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The method applied in this research was an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consists of four treatments and four replications. The treatments were: (A) without addition of Potassium diformate (control), (B) addition of Potassium diformate by 0.3%, (C) addition of Potassium diformate by 0.5%, and (D) addition Potassium diformate by 0.8%. The test fish were 300 giant gouramis with 4-6 cm in length. The containers used in this research were 16 rearing aquaria with a size of 40  30  40 cm3. The density of studied giant gourami fingerlings was 10 fish per aquarium. The rearing period was 40 days. The feeding rate was 3% from biomass. Water quality parameters (temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen), the absolute growth rate, feed conversation ratio and survival rate were observed every 10 days. The protease enzyme activities were observed at the end of the research. Data on the absolute growth rate, feeding conversion ratio, the characteristics of protease enzyme and survival rate were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANNOVA) continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the level of 95%, while the water quality was analyzed descriptively. The results show that the addition of potassium diformate by 0.3% gave the best result with the absolute growth rate of 1.50%, feed conversion ratio of 2.70, protease enzyme activity by 634.2 μ/mL and survival rate of 100%.
EN
This paper summarises the methodological approach and main results of the Coastal project (Employment and Human Resources in the Fisheries Socio-Economic System). This project had as its main aim the search for alternative futures for the fisheries sector in West Java, with particular attention being paid to the human resources situation and the working and living conditions of the fisheries-dependent populations in the coastal areas. This is a particularly interesting case, since fisheries were once an important activity and they are now in deep recession, even though it is generally recognised that the future utilisation of maritime resources offer an immense potential. As part of the research, a Delphi exercise was implemented involving in two successive stages some of the leading actors and experts dealing with the sector in West Java. Other initiatives were held in the context of the Coastal project providing direct and indirect inputs to the scenarios and recommendations that were put forward in the sequence of the Delphi exercise. Overall, the activities described in the paper contribute to the mobilisation of major actors and to discussions that may have practical implication for the future of the sector - if certain conditions are now met in the follow up to the project.
EN
This study aims to see the condition of hematocrit levels and differential leukosit after immersion in LAB isolated and after in vivo, using Aeromonas hydrophila bacterium. LAB isolated were obtained from the organs of the common carp intestine. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of four treatments and three replications. The treatment used was immersion of test fish for 24 hours in several isolates of LAB with a density of 108, namely A: without LAB isolate (control), B: isolate CcB7, C: isolate CcB8, D: isolate CcB15. Immersion was done three times, with a frequency of seven days. Parameters observed included hematocrit levels, leukocyte differentiation and survival rate. The results showed that immersion in LAB isolate CcB15 will enhance the differential leukocytes and hematocrit levels that serve as indicators of carp body resistance, which is shown by high levels of white and red blood cells.
EN
The added value of nilem fish skin needs to be increased. The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of acetic acid solution combined with the pepsin enzyme in the extraction of collagen from nilem fish skin that is necessary to obtain the highest yield/renderment. The study employed an experimental research method that used a completely randomized factorial design. The first treatment is the concentration of acetic acid solution. This consists of three levels, namely 0.5M, 0.7M and 0.9M. The second treatment is the concentration of the enzyme pepsin. This in turn consists of three levels, namely 0.5 %, 1.0 % and 1.5% (weight / weight). The parameters observed were collagen renderment. The results showed that the combination treatment concentration of 0.7 M solution of acetic acid by the pepsin enzyme at 1.0%, in the extraction of collagen from fish skin, produce the highest yield compared to other combinations. The renderment yield is 6.18%.
EN
The research was conducted at the Tuna Fisheries Research Station, Denpasar, Bali, in July 2018 (3 weeks duration). There were several types of high-value fish incorporated into this research: tuna, skipjack, shrimp, cob, mackerel, snapper, squid, reef fish (grouper, baronang, lobster / barong shrimp) and ornamental fish. Seaweed processing was also assessed. Benoa Fishing Port is one of the tuna landing base bases in Indonesia. It is the main port in Bali Province and ranks beside Muara Baru (Jakarta), Pelabuhan Ratu (West Java) and Cilacap (Central Java). This research aim to identified length-weight relationship, and proportion of proper catch size of bigeye tuna. Herein, bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) was identified visually and then assessed. The first identifier is the large size of the eye. The growth pattern of big eye tuna (Thunnus obesus) landed in Benoa Fishing Portis is isometric, where the length increase is equal to weight gain (isometric positive). The length distribution of big eye tuna was in range of 81-170 cm FL (334 fishes are obtained), and the distribution of weights varied in size from 11-95 kg, with the most common catch size being in the range of 16-20 kg (95 fishes). Of note, 60% of the fish had not reached the proper catch size.
EN
This study aims to determine the preference level of mackerel nuggets supplemented with carrageenan. This research was conducted at the Fisheries Processing Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences and Central Laboratory of Padjadjaran University, in August - September 2018. The research method used was the experimental method with five treatments of carrageenan flour addition - about 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% based on mackerel fish surimi weight. The parameters observed were the level of preference which included appearance, aroma, texture and taste of mackerel fish nuggets. The panelists used in this study were 20 semi-trained individuals. The results showed that the addition of carrageenan flour treatment by 0.5% of the surimi weight produced the most preferred mackerel fish nuggets according to panelist selection.
EN
This research conducted to determine the optimum water current models for growth performance and survival rate of tilapia fingerlings (O. niloticus) in circular tanks. The method used in this research is Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consists of three treatments and four replications. The treatments are circular tanks without water current (control), circular tanks with 0.1 m s-1 water current and circular tanks that combine 0.1 m s-1 water current with venturi aeration. Tilapia fingerlings were kept in circular tanks with 30 cm diameter and 37 cm of height, with water level of 30 cm. 50 fingerlings with size of 2-3 cm were reared in every circular tank. The feed is given 3 times daily with a feeding rate of 5% from biomass. Absolute growth rate, specific growth rate, survival rate, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency were observed every ten days, while water quality was assessed weekly. After 42 days of rearing, the results showed that the 0,1 m s-1 water current combined with venturi aeration had the highest dissolved oxygen level (6.5-7.3 mg L-1), the lowest ammonia levels (0.15-0.20 mg L-1), 92% survival rate, 1.17 g absolute growth rate, 3.65% specific growth rate, 1.3 feed convertion ratio and 77.8% feed efficiency.
EN
This research study was intended to provide information in order to model an ideal construction of Gillnet fishing practices in PPI Karangsong, in order to support the feasibility of optimum catch. Fish Landing Base (PPI) Karangsong is the most active fishing port in Indramayu. The dominant fishing activity in the Karangsong PPI is gillnet fishing at around 71.4% of the total fishing units. The type of gillnet utilized in Indramayu is commonly called the ‘gillnet millennium’ and it is constructed out of Poly Amide monofilament. The gillnet vessel itself has a hull shaped in the form of a hard chin bottom. Based on this research, it can be concluded that each region has specific fishing unit characteristics that vary in accordance with the conditions of the waters.
EN
The purpose of the study was to determine the sustainability status of Stingray capture to determine the feasibility of catching Stingray in the waters of West Manggarai Regency. The research method used is the survey method, and this was conducted in July 2018 until mid-September 2018. The parameters studied included the type of Stingray, size and sex ratio. The results showed that the Stingray species found were A. narinari, D. kuhlii, H. granulata, H. uarnak, P. sephen, and T. lymma, with species diversity still stable (H' = 1,4). The average size of Stingray species caught makes it, however, not worth catching. Comparison of the Stingray sex ratio shows that T. lymma and H. granulata species were unbalanced, thus they should not be caught. D. kuhli and H. uarnak are still in balance so they can still be harvested. Based on conservation status in IUCN, the stingray that had the most severe threat status was H. granulata and H. uarnak, thus, these should not be harvested at all.
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