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Influence of activated carbon modifications on their catalytic activity in methanol and ethanol conversion reactions

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Jasińska J., Krzyżyńska B., Kozłowski M.
Open Chemistry
|
2011
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vol. 9
|
issue 5
925-931
EN
Activated carbons containing different surface functionalities have been investigated as catalysts in conversion reactions of ethanol and methanol. These carbon materials were prepared from Polish brown coal by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide and modified by the oxidation or reaction with ammonia or chlorine. The main process upon ethanol decomposition was its dehydrogenation, while in the process of methanol decomposition only a few samples were catalytically active, and the only product was dimethyl ether (a product of dehydration). [...]
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Studies of the soluble part of oxidised coals

100%
Pietrzak R., Kozłowski M., Wachowska H., Yperman J.
Open Chemistry
|
2004
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vol. 2
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issue 2
278-289
EN
Soluble products obtained from the oxidation of four types of coal, each characterised by different degree of coalification and different degree of sulphur content, are studied. The coals are oxidised with peracetic acid (PAA) and nitric acid. Analyses are performed by Atmospheric Pressure-Temperature Programmed Reduction (AP-TPR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The soluble products contain much more sulphur than the insoluble products of oxidation. The products obtained from the reaction with HNO3 contain higher amounts of inorganic sulphur compounds, while those obtained from the reaction with PAA are characterised by an increased content of organic sulphur species.
3
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Composition of extraction products from alkylated high-sulphur coals

100%
Kozłowski M., Wachowska H., Yperman J.
Open Chemistry
|
2003
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vol. 1
|
issue 4
366-386
EN
Products of reductive and non-reductive methylation of two high-sulphur coals (Mequinenza and Illinois No. 6) have been extracted by dichloromethane. It has been established that the efficiency of the transformation of coal to the products soluble in CH2Cl2 is higher for coals subjected to non-reductive methylation by the Liotta method than for those after reduction in the potassium/liquid ammonia system. The extracts and the extraction residues were subjected to elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and AP-TPR (Atmospheric Pressure-Temperature Programmed Reduction) measurements. It has been shown that the main species undergoing extraction by CH2Cl2 are aliphatic compounds or aromatic structures of low degree of condensation. The effect of the extraction on the sulphur groups in coal has been discussed.
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