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NdFeB Permanent Magnets with Various Nd Content

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EN
Three kinds of commercial Nd-Fe-B based materials were compared using ^{57}Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray analysis: near the Nd_2Fe_{14}B stoichiometry and with both lowered and raised Nd content. Magnetically hard Nd_2Fe_{14}B is present in all three materials. In the Nd-low material it is accompanied with the magnetically soft Fe_3B phase, building the nanocomposite structure. In the Nd-rich sample the overstoichiometric Nd atoms seem to build separate phase of Fe-Nd solid solution. None of the materials contain significant content of phases degrading magnetic characteristics, with except of minor Nd_{1.1}Fe_4B_4 one.
EN
Changes in the phase composition and crystallite size, as well as changes in the magnetic behaviour of Nd_{4.5}Fe_{77}B_{18.5} alloy, caused by thermomagnetic measurements, was observed in regard of the optimal magnetic state of this alloy. In the optimized magnetic state, the formed nanocomposite consisted of Fe_3B/Nd_2Fe_{14}B and partly of α-Fe with a mean crystallite size < 30 nm, as determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. An increased amount of α-Fe, the presence of Nd_2O_3 and different Fe-B phases, as well as an increase in the mean crystallite size were observed after thermomagnetic measurements had caused a quality loss of the hard magnetic properties.
EN
Nanocrystalline Ni-ferrite was synthesized by modified precipitation method in which soluble starch is used as dispersing agent and Na_{2}CO_{3} as a precipitating agent. NiSO_{4}·6H_{2}O and Fe(NO_{3})_{3}·9H_{2}O were used as precursors for nickel and ferric oxide, respectively. The obtained nanocrystalline Ni-ferrite was analysed and discussed through structural, compositional and magnetic characterization. Formation of pure NiFe_{2}O_{4} phase with average crystallite size of 21 nm has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The determined phase composition was additionally supported by results of ^{57}Fe Mössbauer phase (MS) analysis and material's nanocrystalline structure by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Thermomagnetic behaviour was studied up to 800 °C. The obtained room temperature magnetic hysteresis loop, recorded by means of a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), exhibits characteristic "S" shape of the soft magnetic material with the measured coercivity of about 10 kA/m and the specific moment up to 40 Am^{2}/kg.
EN
One of the more important developments in magnetic materials, polymer bonded magnets, have opened a new world of application opportunities. The Nd-Fe-B/polymer composite materials offer an excellent combination of strong magnetic and dynamical-mechanical properties. However, the transition temperatures of filler and matrix should be selected carefully considering the future application. Uniform particle distribution and good adhesion between Nd-Fe-B powder particles and polymer are essential for the quality of the composite, while stiffness of polymer matrix is one of the influencing factors as well. The damping properties of Nd-Fe-B/polymer composites with 15 wt.%, 50 wt.% and 75 wt.% of Nd-Fe-B powder were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis and compared with a pure polymer sample. Thermal stability was analyzed using a simultaneous differential scanning calorimetric and thermogravimetric analysis technique.
EN
Models of interactions of laser beams with materials of interest for optical components are presented in this paper. Special attention is paid to damages which appear within both active materials and optical components along the path of a propagating beam with theoretical treatment via various models.
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