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Impact of changes in climatic variables on wild and cultivated mushroom in Rivers State, Nigeria

100%
Immanuel O. M., Oyedeji A. A.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2023
|
vol. 50
17-32
EN
Mushroom enjoyed as a local culinary delicacy in most parts of Nigeria is fast disappearing from our meals. The bulk of the edible mushrooms consumed in Nigeria are collected from the wild. Several wild mushroom species have disappeared from the Nigerian forests owing to deforestation and climate change. This study surveyed the impact of temperature and rainfall on the fruiting bodies of wild and cultivated species of Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus tuberregium and Lentinius subnudus. It was observed that the wild mushroom had longer fruiting time and their fruiting bodies were smaller in weight compared to those cultivated. Given the numerous benefits of mushroom in health and nutrition, and the abundance of agro-waste from farming activities across Nigeria, a case is made for more cultivation of mushroom among rural dwellers towards reduction of the contribution to greenhouse gasses from burning agro-waste, and as a means of poverty reduction to forestall the use of firewood for cooking.
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Role of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth in crude oil-polluted soil remediation

81%
Oyedeji A. A., Oyedeji O. F., Immanuel O. M.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2024
|
vol. 53
74-85
EN
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the role Pentaclethra macrophylla plays in the bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil in a controlled environment. Viable seeds P. macrophylla were planted in plant bags containing 3000 of clay-loamy soil to which varying amounts (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ml) of crude oil were added. Plant growth parameters (plant heights, girths, number of leaves, nodulation and germination rate) and soil physicochemical parameters (pH, organic matter, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium phosphorous, and nitrogen) were determined using standard methods. Results showed that the germination rate of P. macrophylla reduced progressively, 68%, 68%, 52%, 47% and 38% in that order, with increasing concentrations of crude oil, 0 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, 75 ml and 100 ml. A similar pattern was observed for plant height, 16 weeks after planting, with values 52.80cm, 43.50 cm, 42.60 cm, 42.50 cm and 35.80 cm in that order; 0.37 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.24 mm, 0.22 mm and 0.21 mm in that order for girth; 15, 10, 8, 8 and 2 in that order for number of nodules and 16.00, 14.00, 14.00, 11.00 and 8.00 in that order for number of leaves. The physicochemical characteristics of the soil decreased corresponding to the concentration of crude oil, from 0-100 ml. Nevertheless, the plant exhibited the capability to endure the suppressive effect of crude oil with recorded relative growth rates ranging from 0-0.23 and percentage growth suppression of 0.00% - 32.20%. Being a native nitrogen-fixing plant, P. macrophylla could be utilised for the bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil in the Niger Delta.
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