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EN
Alcohol abuse is one of the most significant factors in the development of liver fibrosis. The pathomechanism of liver fibrosis is the same regardless of its etiology. Fibrosis is a sign of an imbalance between the synthesis of the extracellular matrix components and their degradation. Among the many cytokines that affect hepatic stellate cell activation it seems that transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is the most significant, either as the direct factor stimulating polymerase chain reaction (HSC) proliferation and transformation into myofibroblasts, or as the direct factor causing an increase in the activity of genes responsible for the synthesis of extracellular matrix components. The aim of the study was to reveal possible dependencies and differences between the presence of certain alleles of the TGF-β1 gene and its blood level in the study and control group. Blood samples were obtained from 39 patients, the control group consisted of 21 patients. The results obtained in the course of this study showed no statistically significant differences between the frequencies of particular polymorphisms. In the case of haplotype frequencies, insignificant differences were found for the algorithm Excoffier-Laval-Balding predicted haplotypes while one significant difference between the study and control groups was detected in case of the TC haplotype frequency predicted using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. However, the difference in frequency of TC haplotype predicted by both algorithms was not significant. Genetic analysis of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon I of the TGF-β1 gene did not show significant differences between the occurrence of particular polymorphisms and haplotypes in the populations under study.
EN
Background. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of winter bath after physical exercise on the activity of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) and selected lysosomal enzymes: arylsulfatase (ASA), acid phosphatase (AcP) and cathepsin D (CTS D) in healthy males’ blood. Material and methods. 22 males participated in two session of aerobic physical exercise. After one session the subjects rested in room temperature while after the other session they bathed in cold water (3 minutes, 8ºC; experiment 2). During each stage they had blood taken from the basilic vein prior to physical exercise and 2 and 20 minutes after the exercise. The activity of AAT, ASA, AcP and CTS D was assayed in blood serum. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA test. The changes at the level p<0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. Results. A statistically significant increase in AcP and CTS D activity was found as well as a decrease in AAT activity following physical exercise and resting at room temperature as compared with the activity of the assayed parameters prior to physical exercise. Conversely, no statistically significant differences in protease inhibitor activity (AAT) and lysosomal enzyme activity were noted after physical exercise and cold water bath as compared with their activity measured prior to 30-minute long physical exercise. Conclusions. Hot water bath applied after physical exercise increases the stability of lysosomal membranes and may result in a decrease of post-exercise muscle damage.
PL
Wstęp. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu kąpieli w zimnej wodzie zastosowanej po wysiłku fizycznym na aktywność α1-antytrypsyny (AAT) oraz wybranych enzymów lizosomalnych: arylosulfatazy (ASA), kwaśnej fosfatazy (AcP) i katepsyny D (CTS D) we krwi zdrowych mężczyzn. Materiał i metody. 22 mężczyzn poddano dwóm sesjom 30-min. aerobowego wysiłku fizycznego. Po jednym z nich mężczyźni odpoczywali w temperaturze pokojowej, podczas gdy po drugim poddano ich kąpieli w zimnej wodzie (3 min, 8ºC; doświadczenie 2). W każdym z etapów krew pobrano trzykrotnie z żyły odłokciowej: przed wysiłkiem fizycznym oraz 2 i 20 min. po zakończeniu wysiłku. W surowicy krwi oznaczono aktywności AAT, ASA, AcP i CTS D. Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej za pomocą testu ANOVA. Zmiany na poziomie p<0,05 uznano za istotne statystycznie. Wyniki. Wykazano istotny statystycznie wzrost aktywności AcP i CTS D oraz obniżenie aktywności AAT po wysiłku fizycznym i odpoczynku w temperaturze pokojowej w porównaniu do aktywności oznaczanych parametrów przed wysiłkiem fizycznym. Nie odnotowano natomiast istotnych statystycznie różnic aktywności inhibitora proteaz (AAT) oraz oznaczanych enzymów lizosomalnych po wysiłku fizycznym i kąpieli w zimnej wodzie w porównaniu z ich aktywnością przed 30-minutowym wysiłkiem. Wnioski. Kąpiel w zimnej wodzie zastosowana po wysiłku fizycznym zwiększa stabilność błon lizosomalnych i może skutkować zmniejszeniem powysiłkowych uszkodzeń mięśni.
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