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Dysplasia and Microsatellite DNA Instability in Colorectal Adenomas

100%
Matłok M., Zazula M., Rembiasz K., Budzyński A., Pędziwiatr M., Major P.
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issue 12
595-602
EN
Microsatellite DNA instability (MSI) is a consequence of disorder within mismatch repair genes coding DNA repair proteins, protecting the cell against replication errors. Their dysfunction leads to gathering of adverse mutations within a cell, which may result in its neoplastic transformation.The aim of the study was to analyse the occurrence of microsatellite DNA instability in polypoid adenomas of large intestine removed during endoscopic polypectomy.Material and methods. The study covered 97 patients (30 women and 67 men), who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy in Endoscopy Ward, 2nd Department of Surgery, Jagiellonian University, Medical College in Cracow, between 2004 and 2007. Sampled materials was verified histopathologically and genetic tests were performed with the use of ABI PRISM 310 sequenator, which enabled to diagnose microsatellite DNA instability. Between 90 and 360 days from the first colonoscopy, 86 (78.2%) patients underwent following endoscopic colonoscopy in order to search for new polyps of large intestine.Results. 130 polypoid adenomas were removed in 97 patients. Sigmoid colon was the most common location of lesions. Microsatellite DNA instability was diagnosed in 21 (16.6%) polyps, loss of heterozygosity was observed in 25 (19%) polyps. During control colonoscopy performed a year after the initial colonoscopy recurrence of polyps was stated in 15% of patients (7% of women and 15% of men). Microsatellite DNA instability was most commonly diagnosed for loci p53 di and DCC. Microsatellite DNA instability was more common in group of younger people and was related with larger polyps.Conclusions. Analysis of microsatellite DNA instability in polypoid adenomas of large intestine provides further essential information within the scope of studies on transformation of adenomas in malignant adenoma of large intestine.
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Cystic Adrenal Lesions - Analysis of Indications and Results of Treatment

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Major P., Pędziwiatr M., Matłok M., Ostachowski M., Winiarski M., Rembiasz K., Budzyński A.
Polish Journal of Surgery
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2012
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vol. 84
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issue 4
184-189
EN
Cysts are a rare pathology of adrenal glands. As the development of new diagnostic techniques takes place, the occurrence of adrenal cystic lesions has been rapidly increasing. The majority of them are solid adrenal lesions, but localized fluid collections are also more frequently diagnosed. In case of solid adrenal lesions, there are straight indications for surgery, but on the other hand there are no clear guidelines and recommendations in case of adrenal cysts.The aim of the study was to analyze surgical methods and evaluate treatment effects in patients who were qualified for laparoscopic adrenalectomy due to adrenal cystic lesions.Metarial and methods. Identical criteria were used to qualify patients with solid and cystic lesions of the adrenal gland for surgery. Out of the whole number of 345 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for adrenal tumors, 28 had adrenal cysts. 16 of them (57%) were women and 12 (43%) men. The average age of the studied group was 46.4 years (25-62 years). The average cyst diameter in CT was 5.32 cm (1.1-10 cm). Most of the lesions were hormonally inactive (22 patients), but in 6 cases increased level of adrenal hormones was observed.Results. Pathological analysis revealed 4 (14%) pheochromocytomas and 2 (7%) dermoid cysts. In case of 22 (79%) patients, the postoperative material was profiled by pathologists as insignificant according to potential neoplasmatic transformation risk: 5 (17.5%) - endothelial vascular cysts, 3 (11%) endothelial lymphatic cysts, 7 (25.5%) pseudocysts, 3 (11%) simple cysts, 2 (7%) bronchogenic cysts, 1 (3.5%) - cortical adenoma and 1 (3.5%) cyst was of myelolipoma type.Conclusions. Based on the performed research and previous experience in treating patients with adrenal lesions we can conclude that application of the same evaluating algorithm for both cystic and solid lesions is valid.
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The usefulness of the Mannheim Peritonitis index score in assessing the condition of patients treated for peritonitis

84%
Budzyński P., Dworak J., Natkaniec M., Pędziwiatr M., Major P., Migaczewski M., Matłok M., Budzyński A.
Polish Journal of Surgery
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2015
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vol. 87
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issue 6
301-306
EN
The aim of the study was to verify the Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) suitability to determine the probability of death among patients in Polish population operated due to peritonitis and to assess the possibility of using the Index to determine the risk of postoperative complications, relaparotomy and need for postoperative hospitalization in intensive care unit. Material and methods. Retrospective analysis covered 168 patients (M: F = 83: 85, mean age = 48.45 years, SD ± 22.2) treated for peritonitis. The MPI score was calculated for each patient. According to MPI results, patients were divided to the appropriate groups (<21, 21‑29, > 29) and within analyzed. The statistical analysis used Chi-square, Mann Withney U and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The best cut-off point for MPI was calculated on the basis of ROC analisys. Results. Mortality in the study group was 13.1%. In groups <21, 21‑29 and > 29 points according to MPI mortality was 1.75%, 28.13% and 50% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0124). Significant differences were observed in mortality depending on the diagnosis. Based on the ROC curve the cut-off point was identified as 32 with an accuracy of 85.9% and AUC = 81%. There has been a significant correlation between the MPI count and and the occurrence of: cardio-respiratory failure, acidosis, electrolyte imbalance, surgical wound complications, the need for treatment in the intensive care unit after surgery. Conclusions. The MPI is a simple and effective predictor of death among patients operated due to peritonitis. It can also provide assistance in assessing the risk of postoperative complications and the need for treatment in the intensive care unit.
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Endoscopic Insertion Of A Self-Expandable Stent Combined With Laparoscopic Rinsing Of Peritoneal Cavity As A Method For Staple Line Leaks Treatment In Patients Post Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

84%
Matłok M., Major P., Pędziwiatr M., Winiarski M., Budzyński P., Małczak P., Hynnekleiv L., Budzyński A.
Polish Journal of Surgery
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2015
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vol. 87
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issue 5
238-244
EN
Currently, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is one of bariatric surgeries most commonly performed in the world. The most frequent complications of surgeries of this type, with the highest mortality rate, include bleeding into the GI tract and peritoneal cavity, and sleeve staple line leaks. These severe complications prolong the hospital stay, and often are a cause of patient’s death. While in a case of bleeding the procedure appears to be obvious, so far no uniform and standard guidelines have been established for the group of patients with staple line leaks. The aim of the study was to report results of treatment for staple line leaks following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with a laparoscopic procedure and simultaneous endoscopic insertion of a self-expandable stent. Material and methods. 152 laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomies were performed from April 2009 to December 2014. The BMI median was 46.9, and the age median was 42 years. Staple line leaks developed in 3 out of 152 people (1.97%). All patients who developed this complication were included in the study. The treatment involved laparoscopic revision surgery with simultaneous endoscopic insertion of a self-expandable stent (Boston Scientific, Wallflex Easophageal Stent, 150×23 mm) into the gastric stump during gastroscopy. Results. Leaks following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy were diagnosed on day 5 after the procedure, on average. Intervention consisting of laparoscopy and endoscopic insertion of a self-expandable stent was initiated within 14 hours of diagnosing the leak, on average. The mean time for which the stent was kept was 5 weeks (4–6 weeks). Stenting proved to be fully effective in all patients, where after discharging home, a cutaneous fistula, periodically (every 2-3 weeks) discharging several millilitres of matter, persisted in one patient. The mean time for the leak healing in 2 patients, in whom the described method was successful in treatment of this complication, was 37 days. No patient died in the perioperative or follow-up period. Conclusions. The proposed method for treatment of staple line leaks following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy by combined laparoscopic rinsing and draining of the peritoneal cavity and endoscopic insertion of a self-expandable stent is an interesting and worth recommending method for treatment of this complication.
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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the treatment of gallbladder polypoid lesions – 15 years of experience

84%
Matłok M., Migaczewski M., Major P., Pędziwiatr M., Budzyński P., Winiarski M., Ostachowski M., Budzyński A., Rembiasz K.
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vol. 85
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issue 11
625-629
EN
Due to the constant increase of public health awareness and widespread “cancerophobia”, the progressively larger number of incidentally diagnosed gall-bladder polyps became the source of anxiety, which leads patients and physicians to undertake therapeutic decisions, despite the absence of symptoms. The majority of gall-bladder polyps are benign. It is estimated that only 3 to 5% of polyps are malignant. Currently, there is lack of randomized control trials based on which the clear-cut criteria of qualification of patients with gall-bladder polyps for surgical procedure can be created. The aim of the study was to analyze gall-bladder polyps in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum. Material and methods. The retrospective study was conducted on 5369 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum with special attention to 152 (2.8%) patients in whom gall-bladder polyps were diagnosed preoperatively. Qualification criteria for surgery, surgical treatment results, and histopathological examination results were also analyzed. Results. Amongst the 5369 patients qualified for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 152 (2.8%) were diagnosed with gall-bladder polyps during the preoperative ultrasound examinations. Postoperative histopathological examinations of 41 (27%) patients confirmed the presence of gall-bladder polyps. In 102 (67%) patients, only gall-stones were diagnosed without previously described polyps during the ultrasound examination. Analysis of the histopathological examination results revealed the presence of benign lesions in 35 (23.35%) patients. In 5 (3%) patients the presence of an adenoma, and in one (0.65%) the presence of adenocarcinoma were confirmed. Conclusions. Based on the conducted study and previous personal experience in the treatment of patients with gall-bladder polyps, we believe that due to the potential risk of neoplastic transformation, patients with polyps larger than 10 mm in diameter and polyps of proven rapid growth should be qualified for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Indications for surgical treatment also seem reasonable in case of patients with present polyps and coexisting right upper quadrant pain, even though the above-mentioned is connected with gall-bladder deposits.
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