Background: Sense of coherence is believed to be the main indicator of health-oriented behavior. Therefore, it is interesting to find out to what extent the sense of coherence moderates health behavior of physical education teachers. Material/Methods: In order to address this issue, 477 physical education teachers were examined (n♀ = 235; n♂ = 242) aged 23-62 (M = 40.05; SD = 9.09). Three methods were used in the research. Antonovsky's The Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC-29), Health Behavior Inventory (HBI) by Juczynski and The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire by Cash. Results: Results indicate a positive role of the sense of coherence in adopting Prophylactic Behavior, Positive Psychological Attitudes and Health Practices. However, they do not confirm its role with regard to physical activity. Regression analysis showed that comprehensibility (♀:β = 0.20; p = 0.008; ♂:β= 0.16; p = 0.040) and manageability ( ♀:β= 0.27; p = 0.001) are likely to result in Positive Psychological Attitudes; and Fitness/Health Evaluation influences Fitness/Health Orientation ( ♀:β= 0.55; p = 0.000; ♂:β = 0.43; p = 0.000). Conclusions: The average indicator of subjects' health-seeking behavior indicates a need for intervention in terms of health promotion and education amongst PE teachers. Changes in educating PE teachers may also be advisable.
The interest taken in one’s own appearance is most often studied with reference to the population of women, however over the recent years concentrating on one’s looks concerns men as well. Generally men are more satisfied with their appearance than women and physical attractiveness is not an important element of Self for men as it is for women. 996 men, aged 18 to 29, took part in our study where we measured 1) their attitude towards their bodies with the Body Esteem Scale (Franzoi, Shields, 1984, Polish normalization by Lipowska, Lipowski, 2013), 2) the level of their narcissistic traits, examined with the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (Raskin, Hall, 1981) in Polish adaptation by Bazińska, Drat-Ruszczak, 2000). Additionally we used objective information from body measurements: weight, height and sizes of individual body parts. All that information allowed us to calculate anthropometric indices, such as body mass index (BMI), index of central obesity (ICO), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-chest ratio (WCR). Our results show that the majority of men are satisfied with their body weight, though some of them would like to increase it by building up the musculature. Anthropometric indices describing level of obesity and type of body shape don’t predict a participant’s body satisfaction. The level of narcissism proved to be essential predictor of satisfaction with one’s own physical appearance, but only among men taking up activity aimed towards the correction of body weight. Higher level of narcissistic traits was related to higher focus on one’s appearance, more positive attitude towards body and higher involvement in losing weight or “building” muscles.
If sportsman is achieving considerable success and realizes his goals he is also gaining social acceptance. However the pursue of public admiration can also apply to non-successful athletes. The word narcissus in the everyday use has a straightforward negative connotation – being in love with oneself, loving only him/herself. However feeling of pride and self-content is not a symptom of a disorder but of selfacceptance which is crucial for one’s normal development, without which we are not able to function normally. In order to obtain reliable answers to the question concerning the level of narcissistic features 505 professional sportsmen took part in the study. The sports they practiced were team sports, martial arts and individual sport activities. The control group were 697 individuals who have never trained any sport professionally. In the study we used Ruskin’s and Hall’s Narcissistic Personality Inventory (Polish adaptation by Bazińska and Drat-Ruszczak, 2000), were narcissism is considered as personality variable. Results of presented research of narcisstic sportsmen stereotype – nonathletes do not differ from athletes. It is concluded that difference in narcissism between athletes and non-athletes is stereotypic. Only women training martial arts characterize higher level of narcissistic features.
Background: The aim of this study was to explore the perception of psychological preparation of Polish football players by the spectators possessing direct involvement with psychology and sports. Moreover, we tried to determine who was assigned the blame for the defeat. Material/Methods: The study involved164 psychology students from University of Gdanskand 201 students from Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, aged between 19 and 32 years. The participants completed EURO 2012 survey in October 2012. Results: The students of thesports-oriented universitywere more interested in football on a daily basis and showed greater interest inthe EURO 2012 tournament. Significant intergroup differences pertained to the responsibility scores of the coach, players, and the team of physicians, physiotherapists, and psychologists, as well as to the scores ascribed to various potential psychological determinants of the failure of the Polish Team during the competition. Among others, documented significant correlations included relationships betweenthe satisfaction gained from the tournament and the role of pressure exerted by spectators and media. Conclusions: In the students’opinion EURO 2012 was a great commercial and promotional success, but also a huge disappointment with regards to the performance of the Polish National Team. Although our participants acknowledged psychological aspects as potential determinants of the lack of sport success, they did not perceive the role of a psychologist as importantduring preparation. This may suggest a necessity ofpromoting the need for cooperation between athletes and specialists of various disciplines.
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