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A holistic review of heavy metals in water and soil in Ebonyi SE, Nigeria; with emphasis on its effects on human, plants and aquatic organisms

100%
Eyankware M. O., Obasi P. N.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2021
|
vol. 38
1-19
EN
A comprehensive review of literature was carried out to evaluate the presence of heavy metals (HMs), with a view to study its effect on man, plants and aquatic organisms in Ebonyi State, southeastern Nigeria. From reviewed literature it was observed that the major source of HM in soil and water can be attributed to anthropogenic activities such as mining and quarrying. Geogenic activities were also implicated by some scholars. Detail analysis showed that 62 % of HMs in water and soil is attributed to mining, while 23 % is attributed to indiscriminate waste disposal, and 15 % is due of other human and geogenic activities. The accumulation of HMs in plants, soil and water poses a serious risk to human, plants and aquatic organisms within the study area. The occurrence of HMs in soil and water if not properly monitored may tend to increase in years to come and this may have negative impact on plants and aquatic organisms. Severe health effects of humans are inevitable. Therefore, constant re-evaluating of HM in water and soil in the area is highly required.
2
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1D modeling of aquifer vulnerability and soil corrosivity within the sedimentary terrain in Southern Nigeria, using resistivity method

100%
Eyankware M. O., Umayah S. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 41
33-50
EN
Groundwater vulnerability/soil corrosivity was carried out within the study area, with the sole aim of classifying groundwater and soil corrosivity into various classes with the aid of the resistivity method. For this study the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method was used, Schlumberger electrode configuration was used with maximum electrode spacing (AB/2) of 200 m in sixteen (16) different locations for data acquisition. Geoelectric parameters (layer resistivity and thickness) were determined from the interpreted data. Findings from Geoelectric Layer susceptibility indexing (GLSI) revealed that the northern, southern, and northeast of the study area value range of 70 to 160, 70 to 150, and 120 to 160 are considered to be highly vulnerable, vulnerable, and highly vulnerable respectively. The estimated result obtained from longitudinal unit conductance (S) showed that groundwater is considered to be slightly prone to contamination from the surface. Deduction from corrosivity revealed that VESs location showed no trace of corrosivity except for VES 15. According to findings from VES 15, underground metallic installations should be buried at a depth away from the aforementioned VES point.
3
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Aquifer evaluation in southern parts of Nigeria from geo-electrical derived parameters

100%
Umayah S. O., Eyankware M. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 42
28-43
EN
For the management of groundwater resources, understanding aquifer parameters is critical. The Vertical electrical sounding (VES) is considered one of the most common methods in groundwater exploration/aquifer vulnerability assessment. For the study, 15 VES survey was conducted using the Schlumberger configuration with a maximum electrode spacing of 200 m. The data were acquired using ABEM SAS 4000 Terrameter and processed using the WINRESIST program. The data collected were analyzed and interpreted in both qualitative and quantitative terms. Results obtained from the study area revealed that geoelectric layers range from 3 to 4, while the major kind of curve type that domain the study area is the H curve. The evaluation of aquifer protective capacity/groundwater potentials was based on the following parameters: Reflection Coefficient (Rc), Resistivity Contrast (Fc), Longitudinal Conductance (S), and Average Transverse Resistance (T). Result obtained from the study revealed that Rc, Fc, S, and T ranges from -0.70 to 0.95 with an average value of 0.10, 0.17 to 35.79 with an average value of 0.57, 822.26 to 32009.8 with an average value of 13908.8, and 0.001 Ω/m2 to 0.25 Ω/m2 with an average value of 0.063 Ω/m2 respectively. Deductions from Rc and Fc suggest that the study area showed good prospects for groundwater potential. Findings from S suggest that the study is vulnerable to surface contamination due to anthropogenic activities.
4
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Quantitative analysis of physical and chemical attribute of soil around power-line dumpsite at Boji-Boji Owa, Delta State, Nigeria

81%
Ulakpa R. O. E., Ulakpa W. C., Eyankware M. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2021
|
vol. 35
118-134
EN
The study ascertains some physiochemical properties of soils around Power-line dumpsite at Boji-Boji Owa, Delta State, Nigeria. In order to evaluate the effects of municipal solid waste dumpsites on soils, soil samples were collected with the aid of a graduated soil auger at depths of 0 – 10 cm, 15 – 25 cm and 25 – 40 cm, representing top to sub and bottom soil sand also 500 m away from dumpsites which serves as control site (R). Samples were taken for laboratory analyses to determine the level of physiochemical properties such as: pH, grain size distribution, Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Organic Carbon (OC), Organic Matter (OM), Available Phosphorous (Av. P), Overall Nitrogen (ON), Basic Cations and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) in soils. Results obtained from the study, revealed that values between waste dumpsite and control site were significantly different. Findings showed that the pH value in sampled soils from studied dumpsites ranged from 6.22±0.06 and 7.97±0.04 while the mean pH value for controlled site was 39.8±0.08. The increase in the pH value of the sampled soil indicated an increase in CEC mean value of soil which ranged from 4.73±0.30 and 10.28±0.46 mEq/100 g while a low pH indicated low CEC mean value of 1.50±0.22 mEq/100 g. This is because there exists a positively significant relationship between pH, OC, OM, Av.P, ON, basic cations and CEC. As Ec varied between 692±4.50 to 918±4.03 μScm-1, OC varied between 0.05±0.00 to 0.64±0.03%, OM varied between 0.10±0.06 to 0.57±0.07%, Av.P varied between 8.98±0.06 to 25.36±0.22 mg/kg and ON varied between 0.44±0.01 to 0.93±0.03% across all studied dumpsites.
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