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EN
Overviews of current vaccine development in respects to the idea of elaborate vaccines simple to handling and administer. The progress made recently in technologies concerning adjuvants, antigen formulation and vaccine delivery systems has been summarized. Special attention has been focused on mucosal way of vaccine application and orally induced immunity as well newest achievements in the technology using plant as vaccine carriers.
EN
An Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method of pea has been developed for several edible and fodder cultivars of pea (Pisum sativum L.), characterized previously in their potential for regeneration via organogenesis. The most appropriate explant, which was susceptible to Agrobacterium infection and capable of regenerating transgenic plants, turned out to be a slice of an immature embryo, including the embryo axis and the basal part of a cotyledon. Three hypervirulent strains of A. tumefaciens were tested: AgL0, AgL1 and EHA105. Each carried the binary vector pP35SGIB containing the uid gene, with an intron under control of the 35S promoter, and the bar gene conferring resistance to phosphinotricin. Strain AgL0 was found to be efficient for the majority of cultivars, followed by AgL1 and EHA105. Transformation efficiency varied from 0.7 to 4.1%, depending on cultivar and Agrobacterium strain. The transformation efficiency of particular pea cultivars did not clearly correspond to their regeneration capacity, which ? although indispensable ? was not a critical parameter of successful transformation. The presence of integrated genes in pea genomic DNA was detected by the PCR. T-DNA was stably transmitted to the progeny, as it was confirmed by Southern hybridization. The activity of introduced genes was analysed by the histochemical GUS assay and by painting leaves or by spraying transgenic plants with the herbicide Basta.
EN
The idea of an oral vaccine administered as a portion of plant tissue requires a high level of antigen production. An improved protocol for the induction of transgenic yellow lupin calli or tumours, reaching 44% of transformation rate, is presented here. It has been developed by using the nptII marker gene and the uidA reporter gene as well as various Agrobacterium strains and plant explants. This method of seedling and hypocotyl transformation was applied to raise calli or tumours producing a small surface antigen of Hepatitis B Virus (S-HBsAg). Lupin tissue lines were long-term cultured on selection media maintaining the growth rate and high expression level of the native form of S-HBs, up to 6 mug per g of fresh tissue.
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