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EN
The aim of this study was to analyse health behavior, taking into account the following aspects: proper nutritional habits (PNH), preventive behaviors (PB), positive thinking (PT) and health practices (HP) in the light of general index of intensity of health behaviors (GIIHB) of pregnant women participating in antenatal classes in Szczecin. Juczyński’s (2001) Health Behavior (HBI) Inventory constitutes the methodological basis for this investigation. Among examined respondents participating in prenatal school activities a high health behaviors indicator was stated in nearly half of them (49.0%). Unfortunately, among the rest of examined pregnant women health behaviors were on the average (37.4%) or low level (13.6%). None of the above categories of health behaviours obtained remarkably higher point values. Therefore, it can be stated that there is a necessity to promote preventive activities to spread information concerning healthy eating habits and to recommend advantages resulting from health behaviors.
EN
The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life and health behaviours and to analyse the relationship between the quality of life and health behaviours in the group of patients with low back pain (LBP). Material and methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 52 patients with LBP (29 female and 23 male, M(age) = 48.96±15.86). The tool used for assessing the quality of life was the Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQoL-BREF, Polish version), whereas the methodological basis for investigating health behaviours was the Health Behaviour Inventory (HBI). Results: The analysis revealed that the General Index of Intensity of Health Behaviours (GIIHB) was high in 30.8%, average in 40.4% and low in 28.8% of the respondents. Statistically significant positive relationships were observed between: (1) Positive Thinking (HBI) and: Overall Quality of Life (R=0.42), General Health (R=0.29), Psychological domain (R=0.46) and Environmental domain (R=0.44); (2) between Proper Nutritional Habits (HBI) and Overall Quality of Life (R=0.38), Psychological domain (R=0.28), Environmental domain (R=0.30); (3) between Health Practices (HBI) and: Overall Quality of Life (R=0.31) and Psychological domain (R=0.28); (4) between Preventive Behaviours (HBI) and two domains: Psychological domain (R=0.34) and Environmental domain (R=0.34). GIIHB for the respondents in general was a factor that significantly differentiated quality of life in Psychological domain (p=0.031) and Environmental domain (p=0.026). Conclusion: In general, positive correlations concerning quality of life and health behaviours of the respondents were observed between the Psychological domain and all categories of health behaviours (HBI). Furthermore, positive correlations were found for Overall Quality of Life and Environmental domain with most of HBI categories. In light of these findings, it should be indicated that the focus during therapies for patients with LBP aimed to improve their quality of life should be on education in the field of health behaviours.
EN
The aim of our study was to analyze the relationships between health behaviours and quality of life. Research was conducted on a sample of 144 women in the third trimester of pregnancy, participating in antenatal classes. The tools used for investigation of health behaviour was Health Behaviour Inventory and for the quality of life was Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQoL-Bref). The analysis of results between women with high, average and low General Index of Intensity of Health Behaviours (GIIHB) showed statistically relevant difference in quality of life only in the Environment domain ( p ≤ 0.05). Depending on GIIHB, there are different correlations between categories of health behaviours and quality of life. The present research confirmed the existence of correlations between health behaviours and perceived quality of life among pregnant women participating in antenatal classes. The observed correlations show a need for further investigation and taking into account also other individual and socio-economic factors.
EN
Sport activities usually require a high efficiency of visual information processing. Therefore, it seems justified to determine the efficiency of visual sensorimotor processes in sports requiring a variety of perception competencies. The aim of this study was to assess the differentiation of sensorimotor processes in terms of simple and choice reaction time, and visual stimulus discrimination in various athletes and untrained persons. The study involved 119 men, of which 95 were athletes: football players (n = 24), volleyball players (n = 22), boxers (n = 26), and rowers (n = 23). The efficiency of sensorimotor processes was evaluated with the Vienna Test System (Schuhfried, Austria). The evaluations included simple reaction time (SRT), choice reaction time (CRT), and visual stimulus discrimination. Analysis of the results showed that volleyball and football players had shorter (p < 0.01) reaction times compared to non-athletes and representatives of the other sports. We found significant differences (p < 0.01) between athletes and non-athletes in visual stimulus discrimination. In addition, boxers showed fewer correct reactions than volleyball players, and shorter times of stimulus detection than in volleyball and soccer players.
EN
In this study, we conducted an experiment in which we analyzed the possibilities to develop visual skills by specifically targeted training of visual search. The aim of our study was to investigate whether, for how long and to what extent a training program for visual functions could improve visual search. The study involved 24 healthy students from the Szczecin University who were divided into two groups: experimental (12) and control (12). In addition to regular sports and recreational activities of the curriculum, the subjects of the experimental group also participated in 8-week long training with visual functions, 3 times a week for 45 min. The Signal Test of the Vienna Test System was performed four times: before entering the study, after first 4 weeks of the experiment, immediately after its completion and 4 weeks after the study terminated. The results of this experiment proved that an 8-week long perceptual training program significantly differentiated the plot of visual detecting time. For the visual detecting time changes, the first factor, Group, was significant as a main effect (F(1,22)=6.49, p<0.05) as well as the second factor, Training (F(3,66)=5.06, p<0.01). The interaction between the two factors (Group vs. Training) of perceptual training was F(3,66)=6.82 (p<0.001). Similarly, for the number of correct reactions, there was a main effect of a Group factor (F(1,22)=23.40, p<0.001), a main effect of a Training factor (F(3,66)=11.60, p<0.001) and a significant interaction between factors (Group vs. Training) (F(3,66)=10.33, p<0.001). Our study suggests that 8-week training of visual functions can improve visual search performance.
EN
Binocular vision is the most important visual cue for spatial orientation in many sports. In this study, we investigated how binocular vision was influenced by an eye training program that may be used to improve individual’s oculomotor function. The experiment involved twenty-four female student athletes from team ball sports (soccer, basketball, handball). After an initial testing session, 12 participants were randomly allocated to the experimental group. Optometric investigation which included synoptophore testing and a test of dissociated horizontal phoria based on the Maddox method was performed three times: before the experiment, after eight weeks of eye training (3 times a week for 20 minutes), and four weeks after the experiment was terminated. Eye exercise methodology was based on orthoptic, sport and psychological aspects of performance. The phoria screening examination showed that exophoria was the most frequent disorder of binocular vision. Low fusional vergence range was also observed. Following the training period, 3 of the 6 oculomotor variables improved. The greatest effect was observed in near dissociated phoria (χ²=14.56, p=0.001 for the right eye; χ²=14.757, p=0.001 for the left eye) and fusional convergence (χ²=8.522, p=0.014). The results of the retention test conducted four weeks after the experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the vision training program. The results of the study suggest that binocular functions are trainable and can be improved by means of appropriate visual training
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