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Does Pelvic Asymmetry always Mean Pathology? Analysis of Mechanical Factors Leading to the Asymmetry

100%
Gnat R., Saulicz E., Biały M., Kłaptocz P.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2009
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vol. 21
23-32
EN
Pelvic asymmetry is a phenomenon of dual character. Some describe it in terms of pathology, whereas others report that pelvic asymmetry also occurs in healthy subjects.A group of 321 subjects showing symmetrical alignment of the pelvis were involved in the study. Different forms of mechanical loads (jumps, resistance exercises of selected muscle groups) were tested for their ability to alter the configuration of the lower girdle. A hand inclinometer was used to measure pelvic asymmetry in standing. Asymmetrical configuration of the pelvis appears frequently as a consequence of mechanical loading of the lower girdle. It was registered in 25.08% of our study group. The greatest capacity to introduce pelvic asymmetry appeared in cases of asymmetrical loads that were applied in a form of so-called ‘mechanical shock’ (i.e., a force with great impulse). From this viewpoint, pelvic asymmetry should be regarded as a physiologic adaptative alteration of the locomotory system to transmission of asymmetrical mechanical loads.
2
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Influence of Passive Stiffness of Hamstrings on Postural Stability

100%
Kuszewski M., Gnat R., Sobota G., Myśliwiec A.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2015
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vol. 45
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issue 1
49-57
EN
The aim of the study was to explore whether passive stiffness of the hamstrings influences the strategy of maintaining postural stability. A sample of 50 subjects was selected; the final analyses were based on data of 41 individuals (33 men, 8 women) aged 21 to 29 (mean = 23.3, SD = 1.1) years. A quasi- experimental ex post facto design with repeated measures was used. Categories of independent variables were obtained directly prior to the measurement of the dependent variables. In stage one of the study, passive knee extension was measured in the supine position to assess hamstring stiffness. In stage two, the magnitude of postural sway in antero-posterior direction was measured, while varying the body position on a stabilometric platform, both with and without visual control. The margin of safety was used as a measure of postural control. The magnitude of the margin of safety increased significantly between the open-eye and closed-eye trials. However, although we registered a visible tendency for a larger increase of the margin of safety associated with lower levels of passive hamstrings stiffness, no significant differences were found. Therefore, this study demonstrated that hamstring stiffness did not influence the strategy used to maintain postural stability.
3
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Possible paradox: Muscle stiffness - indispensable or undesirable?

100%
Kuszewski M., Saulicz E., Gnat R.
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2008
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vol. 16
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issue 1
92-98
PL
Sztywność mięśnia jest najczęściej określana jako stosunek zmiany jego długości do wielkości siły, w wyniku której owa zmiana zachodzi. Wzrost sztywności tkanki mięśniowej to problem, z którym fizjoterapia styka się coraz częściej. Z jednej strony stanowi ona czynnik decydujący o efektywnej stabilizacji stawu, z drugiej natomiast zwiększa komponentę sił dociskających powierzchnie stawowe do siebie, co po dłuższym czasie może prowadzić do zmian przeciążeniowych i szybszego "zużywania" się chrząstki stawowej. Niniejsza praca przedstawia aktualne poglądy dotyczące zjawiska sztywności, a także podejmuje próbę poszukiwania jej uwarunkowań.
EN
Muscle stiffness is usually described as the ratio of change in muscle length to value of force causing this change. Nowadays, increase in muscle stiffness constitutes a problem that physiotherapy meets more and more often. On one hand it creates a crucial factor enabling effective stabilization of the joint, on the other hand - may accelerate overloading changes due to inevitable increase of compressive forces acting on articular surfaces. The objective of the paper is to present modern views on stiffness phenomenon and undertake a pursuit of factors conditioning it.
4
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Kinesiophobia - Introducing a New Diagnostic Tool

100%
Knapik A., Saulicz E., Gnat R.
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EN
Technical development of human civilisation brings about a decrease of adaptation potential of an individual, which is directly linked to deficient motor activity. Only precise identification of factors leading to hypokinesia would make prophylactic and therapeutic actions possible. In this article, authors would like to introduce a new, original tool aiming at diagnosing limitations of motor activity in adults. They propose a synthetic diagnosis of hypokinesia in two domains: biological and psycho-social, which is based on the contemporary model of health.
5
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An Assessment of Rotational Mobility of the Trunk among Teenagers with Faulty Posture

64%
Matyja M., Saulicz E., Saulicz M., Kokosz M., Gnat R., Kuszewski M., Bereszko J., Gogola A.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 24
43-50
EN
Body posture is determined by many factors, including central regulation connected with anti-gravitational mechanism which develops in ontogenesis. Postural disorders arise as a result of a compensatory anti-gravitational mechanism, in which the main component is reduced postural tone (volume and distribution disorders). Compensation mechanisms consist in improper alignment of particular body segments (distribution disorders) (e.g., increase or decrease of spinal curvatures, external or internal rotation of the lower limbs, valgus and varus deformity of the knees and feet). Such disorders may constitute a reason for abnormal component development, thus limiting trunk rotational mobility.An aim of the study was to assess the range of trunk rotational mobility.Pupils (n=123) aged 13-15 underwent the following parameter evaluations: 1. Posture according to Kasperczyk's scoring method, 2. Postural tone volume by analysis of pelvis control in the long sitting, 3. Range of trunk rotation with use of upper tension test (muscle latissimus dorsi and thoracolumbar fascia).Positive tension test was recorded in 32 children (21 unilateral and 11 bilateral). Diversification of statistical averages of scoring for body posture, from the lowest (x=6.41) in 91 subjects with negative tension test, to the highest (x=7.72) in 11 subjects with double-sided positive result was recorded. Statistical analyzes confirmed significance of correlation between body posture's quality and trunk's rotational mobility (r=0.286 at p=0.001), as well as between volume of postural tone and range of trunk's rotational mobility. Coefficients of correlation amount to, respectively, for tension test and free sitting position r=0.187, p=0.038; and for tension test and corrected sitting position r=0.253, p=0.05. Disorders of muscle tone volume and distribution cause limitation of trunk rotational mobility development.
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