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EN
Since the discovery of high temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides in 2008, many iron-based superconductors (IBSs) with various crystal structures have been exploited.Among them, superconductivity with the onset transition temperature Tc up to 49 K has been detected in rare earth element doped CaFe2As2 system (CaRE122). The electron doping induced high Tc values clearly exceed the highest Tcs induced by both hole doping (~ 38 K) and chemical or physical pressure (~ 33 K) in the 122-type iron-based superconductors. The occurrence of high-Tc superconductivity in this unique system is quite strange in terms of the much lower Tc observed in the sister compounds bearing structural and chemical similarities. Though the high–Tc superconductivity in Ca1−xRExFe2As2 is of the non-bulk feature, its superconducting origin served as a most important question has attracted tremendous attentions ever since its discovery. In this review, we summarize the previous experimental results observed in this series of superconductors and list the possible key points that may be related to the understanding of the nature for the strange high-Tc superconductivity.
EN
Complement is important to host defense and the regulation of inflammation. The liver is overwhelmingly the major source of circulating complement. However, many other organs are capable of synthesizing some or all of the complement components in a regulated tissue-specific manner. There is increasing evidence that this locally generated complement is biologically active and exerts powerful effects within the local environment. We review the role of local complement synthesis within different organs and speculate on its implication for immune and metabolic functions.
EN
Charging operations of a compact Tesla transformer were experimentally investigated, in single-shot and rep-rate (50 pps for 1 s) modes, respectively. The charging limitations were also explored. The experimental results were compared and analyzed. The maximum secondary charging voltages of the Tesla transformer were measured to be 380 kV and 300 kV in single-shot and rep-rate modes, respectively. The RMS pulse-to-pulse instability of the secondary charging voltage is generally less than 10% but increases with the increasing initial voltage across the primary capacitor. Since the secondary capacitor of the Tesla transformer is a pulse forming line (PFL), continued operation is possible if there is breakdown in the PFL. Furthermore, operation can even be continued under occasional breakdown for some pulses, without the effects on the operations of subsequent pulses.
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