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1

The systems of minisatellite DNA polymorphism detection and their applications in animal breeding

100%
Zawadzka M.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 4
62-79
EN
Simple tandem repetitive minisatellite regions of DNA show high level of polymorphism arising from differences in the number of the core sequences of the repeating units. Probes consisting of a core sequence of a minisatellite detect many highly variable DNA fragments (band pattern) by Southern blot hybridisation. Since DNA fingerprinting data are based on information from a large number of independent and biparentally inherited hypervariable loci, this technique enables to obtain much more genetic variation than other molecular techniques. Simultaneous screening of many polymorphic loci in the genome provides valuable information for a number of fields ranging from individual identification and determination of relationship to linkage analysis and population genetics. In this paper some applications of DNA fingerprinting systems to farm animal breeding were reviewed.
2

Distribution of accessory nuclei in the oocytes of the sawfly, Athalia rosae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

100%
Zawadzka M.
Folia Biologica
|
1996
|
vol. 44
61-66
EN
In the oocytes of Athalia rosae accessory nuclei (AN) arise in late previtellogenesis. Three categories of AN: large (LAN), medium (MAN), and small (SAN) can be distinguished. Distribution of AN along the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes of the oocyte is uneven. In the previtellogenic and vitellogenic oocytes dorsoventral polarity is marked by an abundance of AN in the ventral ooplasm. Distribution of AN along anteroposterior axis depends on the stage of oogenesis. In this paper the possible mechanism responsible for the uneven distribution of AN is proposed and discussed.
3

Bacteria in plant tissue cultures

63%
Orlikowska T., Zawadzka M.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 4
64-77
EN
Bacterial contamination is quite frequent in plant tissue cultures although, theoretically, cultures have to be axenic. It is their ubiquity and adaptability to different conditions that enable bacteria to colonize also tissue cultures. Among them there are not only the typical endo- and egzophytic species connected with the plant kingdom, but also those which are common among people. The bacteria species isolated from plant tissue cultures were found to be vitropathogenic (pathogens facultative to in vitro explants), latent (pathogens not virulent in vitro), and cryptic (present in tissues but invisible). Some bacteria produce growth regulators, which can modify the morphogenetic mode of explants. They are all undesirable ones in cultures, but the explants contaminated with pathogenic species should be eliminated obligatorily. Various groups of bacteria, as well as the techniques of detecting, identifying and eliminating them, are briefly described.
4

The control and eradication of bacterial infections and contaminations in plant tissue culture

51%
Orlikowska T., Sobiczewski P., Zawadzka M., Zenkteler E.
Biotechnologia
|
2010
|
issue 2
57-71
EN
Bacterial contamination is a serious problem in plant tissue culture. In in vitro cultures, if bacteria are introduced, it is most frequently with the initial explants, but bacterial contamination can also come from the laboratory environment or from the staff themselves. Exogenous bacteria are easier to deal with, but endogenous bacteria remain problematic. Standard sterilization with ethanol, NaOCl or HgCl2 and with antibiotics can now be enriched with new components (NaDCC, AgNO3, nano-silver) or sanitation products (PPMTM, ProClin? 300, Biosept 33 SL, Vitrofural?, Dekaben). Some of these can be incorporated into a multiplication and rooting medium for one or more passages, if they are not phytotoxic to the plant explants. A special problem is presented by cryptic or viable but not cultivable bacteria which can be unable to multiply during many passages, but finally be disclosed in mass. The issue is, therefore, to find and apply tools for detection of different media and/or molecular markers. The above questions are discussed in the present paper based on the literature and results of our own study.
5
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Lack of migration and neurological benefits after infusion of umbilical cord blood cells in ischemic brain injury

45%
Zawadzka M., Lukasiuk K., Machaj E. K., Pojda Z., Kaminska B.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2009
|
vol. 69
|
issue 1
46-51
EN
The finding of stem/progenitor cells in postnatal bone marrow and umbilical cord blood, opens up a possibility of using stem cells to treat neurologic diseases. There is a controversy, whether intravenously administered human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBC) migrate to the brain, differentiate and improve recovery after ischemia. In this study, 1-3 ?10^6 cells from non-cultured (non-committed) mononuclear HUCBC fraction were intravenously infused 1, 2, 3 or 7 days after a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in adult rats. We found few human cells only in the ischemic area, localized mostly around blood vessels with few positive cells in the brain parenchyma. Timing of HUCBC delivery after ischemia or injection of Cyclosporin A at the time of delivery, had no effect on the number of human cells detected in the ischemic brain. Infusion of HUCBC did not reduce infarct volume and did not improve neurologic deficits after MCAo, suggesting that HUCBC failed to migrate/survive in the ischemic brain and did not provide significant neurological benefits.
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