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Physical Activity and its Associations with other Lifestyle Elements in Polish Women

100%
Nowak M.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2011
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vol. 29
161-172
EN
The aim of the study was to determine associations between physical activity and other elements of women's lifestyle (nutrition, being a nonsmoker, moderate alcohol consumption, medical check-ups).Between 1999 and 2004, 1361 women aged 20-75 were studied. They were inhabitants of cities located in the west of Poland and engaged in physical activity (purposeful selection). The subjects fell into four groups depending on the length of their physical exercise history: G I - those who had been exercising for 1 year; G II [1-4); G III [4-6); G IV [≥7). The diagnostic poll method was employed, (questionnaire and interview techniques). For the verification of the research hypotheses concerning the influence of socio-demographic factors on women's physical activity, the evaluation of changes in health-related behaviors resulting from long term physical activity, indication of associated behaviors, the independence χ2 test and multiple correspondence analysis were used.Women's physical activity was found to be related to maintenance of proper weight (BMI) (p≤0.05), moderate consumption of low-alcohol beverages (p≤0.05) and regular dental check-ups (p≤0.05). Despite more frequent attempts to take up smoking, the respondents gave up the habit two times as often as the whole population of women in Poland. These correlations were more apparent among women with longer exercise histories, who mostly had post-secondary education. Occurrence of associated behaviors affecting health positively and negatively was also shown, the latter concerning a smaller group of respondents.The noticed correlations between physical activity and health behaviors, which comprehensively influence lifestyle, may be of importance in gradual reduction of risk factors.
2
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Women's Free Time Versus Professional Work and Family and Household Duties

51%
Nowak M., Radzińska M., Rynkiewicz T.
Human Movement
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2009
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vol. 10
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issue 2
182-189
EN
Purpose. The aim of the study was to determine correlations between ways of spending free time and work-related and family-household duties among women taking part in physical recreation activities for many years. Basic procedures. The study included 1,104 women, aged 20 to 75, exercising in organized groups in cities of western Poland. The length of the respondents' physical activity history was defined by the number of years of doing exercise. The study used the diagnostic poll method and complementary survey techniques verified in a pilot study. The research results were analyzed qualitatively and statistically (χ2 test of independence, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple comparisons z-test). Main findings. The shortest length of physical activity (one year) was characteristic of women-mothers with children at the pre-school or school age, burdened with household chores and working jobs. At the same time, respondents with a shorter length of physical activity (under four years) spent more of their free time watching television both on weekdays and weekends. Conclusions. A comparison between the weekly volume of time of women's participation in physical exercise and the amount of time devoted to watching television proves that apart from the existence of objective barriers connected with the real work-related and family-household responsibilities, involvement in physical activity remains more of a question of the subjects' personal preferences and choices rather than having free time. Long-lasting physical activity is the decisive factor influencing the choice of active forms of spending free time.
3
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Awareness of the role of cardiovascular risk factors and their prevention – comparison between rural-urban and urban adolescents

33%
Ostrówka D., Dereziński T., Nowak M., Komand A., Jancewicz M., Szyndler A., Wolf J., Narkiewicz K.
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2019
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vol. 2
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issue 2
27-37
EN
Background Unhealthy habits (poor diet, smoking and hazardous alcohol drinking) often originate from early-life. We assessed the knowledge on selected cardiovascular and cancer risk factors, healthy habits and its implementation among adolescents and the correlation with their residence. Material and methods A survey-based study (38-item inventory) was conducted among adolescents from urban and rural-urban areas recruited in two Tricity high-schools and one junior high school from Gniewkowo, respectively. Results A total of 410 students (59% girls) form Tricity and 287 (51% girls) from Gniewkowo completed the inventory. The mean age was 15.3 years. Students from Gniewkowo spend weekly 8.9±6.2 hours on structured physical activity, which contrasts with 5.5±4.5hrs in Tricity(P<0.001). Gniewkowo residents restrained from alcohol consumption in 38.7% vs. 31.1% in Tricity (P=0.04); were active smokers at 9.4% vs. 4.2% (P=0.007); regular fruits and vegetables consumption was low in both Gniewkowo and Tricity 11.8% vs. 8.6% (P=0.19); respectively. The awareness of the risk factors of non-communicable diseases was more common amongst Tricity adolescents. This was consistently coupled with the knowledge on preventive methods. Conclusions The level of knowledge on common non-communicable disease risk factors is higher among teenagers from urban areas, however this does not necessarily translate to more frequent introduction of healthy lifestyle.
4
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Awareness of the role of cardiovascular risk factors and their prevention – comparison between rural-urban and urban adolescents

33%
Ostrówka D., Dereziński T., Nowak M., Komand A., Jancewicz M., Szyndler A., Wolf J., Narkiewicz K.
European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine
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2020
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vol. 2
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issue 2
27-37
EN
Background: Unhealthy habits (poor diet, smoking and hazardous alcohol drinking) often originate from early-life. We assessed the knowledge on selected cardiovascular and cancer risk factors, healthy habits and its implementation among adolescents and the correlation with their residence. Material and methods: A survey-based study (38-item inventory) was conducted among adolescents from urban and rural-urban areas recruited in two Tricity high-schools and one junior high school from Gniewkowo, respectively. Results: A total of 410 students (59% girls) form Tricity and 287 (51% girls) from Gniewkowo completed the inventory. The mean age was 15.3 years. Students from Gniewkowo spend weekly 8.9±6.2 hours on structured physical activity, which contrasts with 5.5±4.5hrs in Tricity(P<0.001). Gniewkowo residents restrained from alcohol consumption in 38.7% vs. 31.1% in Tricity (P=0.04); were active smokers at 9.4% vs. 4.2% (P=0.007); regular fruits and vegetables consumption was low in both Gniewkowo and Tricity 11.8% vs. 8.6% (P=0.19); respectively. The awareness of the risk factors of non-communicable diseases was more common amongst Tricity adolescents. This was consistently coupled with the knowledge on preventive methods. Conclusions: The level of knowledge on common non-communicable disease risk factors is higher among teenagers from urban areas, however this does not necessarily translate to more frequent introduction of healthy lifestyle.
5
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The influence of the menstrual cycle on diameter and respiratory collapsibility of inferior vena cava in the population of young, healthy women – preliminary results

33%
Nowak M., Dyda J., Barczyńska H., Ołubowicz M., Radtke A., Turek M., Nowak R. S., Gruchała M.
European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine
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2019
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vol. 2
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issue 1
53-55
EN
Introduction: Echocardiographic assessment of the interior vena cava (IVC) is part of the estimation of right atrial pressure. In young women values exceeding norm are observed. The aim of our study was an echocardiographic assessment of the IVC dimension depending on the phase of menstrual cycle among young, healthy women. Materials and methods: Female students of the Medical University of Gdańsk were enrolled into the study. Each patient underwent echocardiographic examination of the IVC diameter (d-IVC) and respiratory decrease in dimension in two time points, depending on the menstrual cycle phase: in the first days of menstruation (Phase M) or in the second part of menstrual cycle (Phase L). Results: 31 patients completed the study. There was a significant difference between the d-IVC in Phase M and Phase L (1.98±0.25cm vs 1.86±0.3cm; p <0.05). We did not observe correlation in terms of the inspiratory collapsibility. In the Phase M 77% patients achieved at least 50% decrease in dimension during inspiration comparing to 87% in Phase L (p=0.89). 35% patients had d-IVC exceeding reference values. Conclusion: In population of young women, the diameter of IVC exceeding reference values can be observed. IVC dimension depends on the menstrual cycle.
6
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The influence of the menstrual cycle on diameter and respiratory collapsibility of inferior vena cava in the population of young, healthy women – preliminary results

33%
Nowak M., Dyda J., Barczyńska H., Ołubowicz M., Radtke A., Turek M., Nowak R. S., Gruchała M.
|
EN
INTRODUCTION: Echocardiographic assessment of the interior vena cava (IVC) is part of the estimation of right atrial pressure. In young women values exceeding norm are observed. The aim of our study was an echocardiographic assessment of the IVC dimension depending on the phase of menstrual cycle among young, healthy women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female students of the Medical University of Gdańsk were enrolled into the study. Each patient underwent echocardiographic examination of the IVC diameter (d-IVC) and respiratory decrease in dimension in two time points, depending on the menstrual cycle phase: in the first days of menstruation (Phase M) or in the second part of menstrual cycle (Phase L). RESULTS: 31 patients completed the study. There was a significant difference between the d-IVC in Phase M and Phase L (1.98±0.25cm vs 1.86±0.3cm; p <0.05). We did not observe correlation in terms of the inspiratory collapsibility. In the Phase M 77% patients achieved at least 50% decrease in dimension during inspiration comparing to 87% in Phase L (p=0.89). 35% patients had d-IVC exceeding reference values. CONCLUSION: In population of young women, the diameter of IVC exceeding reference values can be observed. IVC dimension depends on the menstrual cycle.
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