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EN
We have applied non-linear optical method (second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG)) to monitoring the phase transformation in the iron telluride compounds. The experiment was performed in the reflected geometry in which Temperature dependences of the SHG and THG have unambiguously shown that both methods are sensitive to the occurrence of the anomalies in the SHG and THG features near the phase transitions. However, the temperature positions of maxima are different, which may reflect a fact that in these two techniques the different multi-excited states interact differently with the critical bosons near the phase transitions. The role of the surface is crucial here because the surfaces are very sensitive to the presence of oxygen.
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Photoinduced Phenomena in Sulphur Crystals and Films

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EN
The irradiation of sulphur crystals and films with ultraviolet light induces the change of transmission in the visible part of spectra. It was found that these phenomena exist only at low temperatures (4.2-50 K). The behaviour of optical transparency as a function of time after switching the rumination off was investigated. These dependences are essentially different for the films and crystals. In order to understand the origin of these phenomena the structural investigation was conducted. Very unusual behaviour of darkening kinetics was obtained.
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EN
Complex investigations of the photoinduced changes in YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{x} single crystals were performed. As laser sources the low-power He-Ne, He-Cd, He-Se, N_{2} lasers and YAG:Nd, XeCl pulsed lasers were used. For the investigations the crystalline samples both in super- and semiconducting phases were chosen. A considerably strong dependence of a defectiveness parameter x on the laser power, wavelength and external conditions was observed. The oxygen parameter x shows a tendency to increase for the initially semiconducting phase and to decrease for superconductors. The most interesting result were obtained using XeCl excimer laser, where corresponding changes were observed only under applied hydrostatic pressure (up to 200 MPa) in oxygen atmosphere. In all the cases the penetration depth of the new induced superconducting phase was within 5.5-6.5 μm.
EN
The influence of the defect subsystem on the behaviour of the structural incommensurate phase in InI single crystals was investigated. The correlation between the incommensurate parameter ζ and the piezooptical π_{2222} tensor component was revealed.
EN
Photoinduced optical second harmonic generation was demonstrated in the several dithiole chromophore molecules with different degree of acceptor function. Theoretical quantum chemical simulations and experimental photoinduced second harmonic generation measurements showed that additional aromatic rings within the dithiole chromophore molecule play an important role in the pump-power dependencies of the second harmonic generation. Varying the presence of the aromatic rings one can achieve substantially different photoinduced second-order nonlinear optical properties.
EN
Photoinduced effects in pure C_{60}:C_{60}-TTF and C_{60}-2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole cycloadducts are investigated using nonlinear optical techniques. We have studied photoinduced optical second harmonic generation, two-photon absorption, linear electro-optics, and quadratic electro-optic effect coefficient versus applied pressure (p) and temperature (T). We deduce the influence of the grafted substituents in pure C_{60} on the observed photoinduced effects. The obtained results illustrate clearly that the photoinduced nonlinear optics can be used as a tool to detect structural changes at low temperature in modified C_{60}. We have unambiguously demonstrated that, under the applied hydrostatic pressure up to 19 GPa and the temperature from 4.2 up to 150 K, the observed effects are essentially caused by the grafted TTF derivatives.
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