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The UV-C Induced Cell Death in Human Malignant Melanoma and Normal Fibroblasts

100%
Panek A., Wiecheć A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 129
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issue 2
172-173
EN
Differences in cellular death between melanoma (Me45) cells and fibroblasts (CCL-110) were investigated after irradiation with UV-C (1.5-15 J/m²) and incubation for up to 48 h. The role of DNA double strand breaks in this process was assessed. Decrease of the Me45 cells viability began about 6 h after irradiation. The fibroblasts viability negatively correlated with the dose applied, since necrosis within this cell population began immediately after irradiation. The enhanced apoptosis of fibroblasts was observed between 6 and 24 h, while for melanoma cells, high level of apoptotic cells was still detected after 48 h. Statistically significant correlation between the percentage of apoptotic cells and DSBs was estimated for both cell lines. The melanoma cells responded differently to the UV-C radiation than did the fibroblasts. These differences were explained by deficiency of the necrotic processes as well as the delay of apoptotic melanoma response to UV-C damage.
2
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Applications of Comet Assay for the Evaluation of Genotoxicity and DNA Repair Efficiency in Nanomaterials Research

61%
Panek A., Błażewicz M., Frączek-Szczypta A., Adamczyk J., Wiltowska-Zuber J., Paluszkiewicz C.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2018
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vol. 133
|
issue 2
280-282
EN
The single cell gel electrophoresis method, known as comet assay, is a rapid and sensitive technique for testing novel chemicals and nanoparticles for genotoxicity, monitoring environmental contamination with genotoxins and human biomonitoring. In our studies we check the applicability of this method for the evaluation of biocompatibility of modified (MWNF) and non-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) as well as potential genotoxicity of mercury(II) nitrate. The obtained results enabled us to conclude that the presence of Hg(NO₃)₂ (p<0.001) and MWNT (p<0.04) cause a significantly higher level of DNA damage in comparison to functionalised nanomaterials MWNF. It was implied that for the three investigated agents only mercury significantly enhanced genotoxic effect of X-ray exposure (p<0.001) and inhibition of radio-induced DNA damage repair. On the contrary, the presence of MWNF have no influence on cellular repair efficiencies, while incubation with MWNT causes apoptosis and consequently results in lack of attached cells. In conclusion, our results confirmed the genotoxicity of mercury and non-modified carbon nanotubes as well as the biocompatibility of modified nanotubes. Additionally, we proved the usefulness of comet method for the evaluation of genotoxicity and DNA repair under the influence of different compounds and nanomaterials.
3
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Genotoxicity Study of Carbon Nanoforms using a Comet Assay

61%
Panek A., Frączek-Szczypta A., Długoń E., Nocuń M., Paluszkiewicz C., Błażewicz M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2018
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vol. 133
|
issue 2
306-308
EN
Carbon nanoforms due to their unique properties can be applied in many areas also in medicine. This article presents preliminary genotoxicity studies of electrospun carbon nanofibers (ECNF). This material, apart from its numerous applications, may also be a candidate for use in medical therapy and diagnostics. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers received in the electrospinning process were carbonized and thereafter subjected to oxidation treatment (ECNF-F). Both types of fibres were analyzed with regard to genotoxic influence on the fibroblast line cells using comet assay. Additionally, comet assay experiments were conducted on biocompatible carbon nanotubes with a hydrophilic surface. The results indicate the key role of the oxidation process in the functionalization of carbon nanoparticles intended for medical purposes.
4
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Effects of 60 MeV Protons and 250 kV X-Rays on Cell Viability

61%
Miszczyk J., Panek A., Rawojć K., Swakoń J., Prasanna P., Rydygier M., Gałaś A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 129
|
issue 2
222-225
EN
Particle radiotherapy such as the one using proton beams, provides a successful treatment approach in many cancer types. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which proton irradiation induces cell death, particularly in a human peripheral blood lymphocyte model has not been examined in detail. Comparative studies of the biological effects, such as cell death, of particle therapy versus conventional X-rays treatment are of utmost importance. Here, we compared the viability of human peripheral blood lymphocyte following in vitro irradiation with protons (therapeutic 60 MeV proton beam) and photon beam (250 kV, X-rays), by applying separate doses within the range of 0.3-4.0 Gy. Cell viability was assessed 1 and 4 h after irradiation with protons and X-rays by the FITC-Annexin V labelling procedure (Apoptotic & Necrotic & Healthy Cells Quantification Kit, Biotium). Results showed that irradiation with both radiation types reduced the number of viable cells in a dose-dependent manner, as assessed as a function of the duration of post-irradiation time. Protons proved more fatal to the cells treated than X-ray photons. This demonstrates a difference in cell viability after irradiation with protons and photons in a human peripheral blood lymphocyte model.
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