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1
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The memory of a city. Barcelona – a city on the edge

100%
Wójcik A.
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PL
Cities live in an inseparable relationship with the natural landscape – they form each other. A particularly interesting case is the relation between a city and its edges connected with watercourses and basins. In the process of historical development, one can follow the logically continued formation of a system of urban public spaces based upon gradually incorporated waterfronts. Barcelona – whose waterfront location has always been the driving force behind urban growth – makes a curious example of a city which creatively develops its system of public spaces in relation to the edges.
2
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SMART - narzędzie oceny pacjentów z zaburzeniami świadomości

63%
Waraksa T., Wójcik A.
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2017
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vol. 31
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issue 1
49-57
EN
Accurate assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness is still a great medical challenge. Despite a recent implementation of state-of-the-art neuroimaging techniques (EEG, fMRI, PET and others), proper diagnosis is still seriously hindered. The lack of accurate diagnosis results in the fact that patients’ capacities and full potential are not used. This aspect is particularly important in terms of communicating with patients. The effort of interdisciplinary teams ought to be channelled into creating and developing a complex diagnostic tool. It would aim at providing complete information regarding patients’ state and facilitating possible communication with them. Therefore, according to a number of research teams, it is necessary to make use of behavioural scales such as SMART (Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehabilitation Technique) that are based on observational criteria.
PL
Trafna ocena pacjentów z zaburzeniami świadomości wciąż stanowi poważne wyzwanie medyczne. Pomimo zastosowania w ostatnim czasie nowoczesnych technik neuroobrazowania (EEG, fMRI, PET i innych) prawidłowa diagnoza wciąż jest znacząco utrudniona. Brak precyzyjnego rozpoznania skutkuje niewykorzystaniem możliwości i pełnego potencjału pacjenta. Ten aspekt jest szczególnie ważny w kontekście komunikowania się z pacjentem. Wysiłki zespołów interdyscyplinarnych powinny być skierowane na stworzenie oraz rozwinięcie kompleksowego narzędzia diagnostycznego. Miałoby to na celu zapewnienie kompletnej informacji dotyczącej stanu pacjenta oraz ewentualnej możliwości komunikowania się z nim. Według wielu zespołów badawczych zasadnym jest korzystnie w tym celu ze skal behawioralnych opartych na kryteriach obserwacyjnych w tym skali odpowiedzi sensomotorycznej SMART (Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehabilitation Technique)
3
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Dotyk w relacji fizjoterapeuta – pacjent a granice kontaktu fizycznego / Touch in the physiotherapist patient relationship – limits of physical contact

63%
Dadura E., Wójcik A.
Advances in Rehabilitation
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2014
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vol. 28
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issue 4
5-11
EN
Introduction: Relationship between physiotherapist and patient has specific form of contact, in which latter lets the former to go through his personal distance, because some medical procedures demand close physical contact. Physical treatment can imply some kind of intimacy, because therapist and patient meet on physical, psychical and social level. It can cause attempts to violate boundary of this relation. The goal of this pilot study was exploration of physiotherapist’s boundaries in physical treatment and specification of the areas within this topic, which should be explored in the future. Material and methods: 80 therapists (39 female, 41 male) completed anonymously a questionnaire (28 questions - open, semi-open, closed). Results: Half of the respondents (56%) haven’t experienced violating boundaries of physical contact by patients, 37% have met this kind of attempts and inform mostly about: touch with sexual connotation, attempts to kiss and aggression. The most of physiotherapists (65%) think the standards of prohibiting intimate contacts between therapists and patients are appropriate, but some (26%) allow exceptions due to circumstances. The majority of respondents (86%) indicate patient’s sex no matter, 14% prefer to work with women. Conclusions: The most of physiotherapists don’t experience violating acceptable borders of physical contact by patients during treatment. Respondents accept mostly standards of prohibiting intimate contacts between therapists and patients, although some allow exceptions due to circumstances. Sex of treated person and connected within sexual boundary doesn’t seem to be a barrier in their work.
4
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Ocena działania masażu gastrycznego brzucha u chorych z zaparciem objętych stacjonarną opieką paliatywną – badanie pilotażowe

51%
Dadura E., Stępień P., Iwańska D., Wójcik A.
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2018
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vol. 31
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issue 4
19-34
EN
Introduction The problem of constipation in Poland concerns 13.4% of the healthy population. In the case of patients treated with opioids, this number increases to 70-90%, which constitutes a serious problem that lowers the patients' quality of life. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of abdominal massage, which successfully reduces constipation in various diseases, on palliative care patients. Material and methods The research included 18 patients of a palliative care facility (mean age 78.3 ± 10 years), 11 of whom completed the study. The study participants were randomly divided into two groups, i.e. a pilot group (abdominal massage and kinesiotherapy) and a control group (kinesiotherapy). The therapy lasted 8 weeks and blind evaluation was carried out once per week. The study involved evaluating constipation intensity (The Bowel Function Index), the frequency of defecation (medical documentation) and abdomen circumference (anthropometric tape). The collected data were analysed statistically with the use of Statistica software. Results The observed differences between the studied groups undergoing different therapies in subsequent weeks were not statistically significant. However, in the group in which abdominal massage was implemented, a decrease in the intensity of constipation, an increase in the frequency of defecation and a reduction in abdomen circumference were noted compared to the control group. The patients also indicated additional positive effects of this form of therapy, i.e. an improvement in breathing, easier urination, release of excessive gas and abdominal pain reduction. Conclusions The collected data led to the conclusion that abdominal massage may result in a decrease in disorders accompanying opioid-induced constipation. Therefore, it is worth considering the implementation of this form of therapy in the case of patients in an advanced stage of cancer. There is also a need for further research in this field which will include a larger number of patients.
5
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Touch In Professional Practice – View Of Physiotherapists

51%
Dadura E., Wójcik A., Gajewski J.
Advances in Rehabilitation
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2013
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vol. 27
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issue 2
9-15
EN
Background: Touch is playing an important role in human’s life. Thanks to it, people can discover the world around them, communicate emotions and create strong bonds. Touch is significant part of every human relationship and especially the relationship between physiotherapist- patient, because the touch is the basic tool of a physiotherapist’s daily life. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate how the physiotherapists perceive the touch and if they know and follow right recommendations of touch. Material and methods: 80 therapists took part in the study (39 female, 41 male). Average age 30, 36 years (SD 6, 62) and average work experience 6, 62 years (SD 5, 05). They were asked to complete a questionnaire (28 questions) pertaining three aspects of the touch: physiotherapist’s attitude towards touch, psychological aspects of touch and circumstances assuring a comfort of touching. Results: According to the answers physiotherapists treat touch mainly as a technical tool of gathering information and treating. They are aware of influence of the touch on a patient’s psyche and body, it is working in both directions; physiotherapist <=> patient. The majority neither feels nor have any emotions while touching a patient. The respondents made sure that they follow the recommendations of right touch: respecting patients’ rights to autonomy, privacy, information and therapists cared enough about comfort and safeness of their patients. Conclusions: The respondents use the touching as a technical tool while they neglect its psychosocial side. They know and they follow the recommendations of touch in correct way.
6
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Physical Activity and Injuries Relating to Physical Fitness of Professional Firefighters.

39%
Nowak A. M., Molik B., Wójcik A., Rutkowska I., Nowacka-Dobosz S., Kowalczyk M., Marszałek J.
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2018
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vol. 32
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issue 2
13-22
EN
Background The profession of a firefighter involves multiple factors that directly or indirectly impact on the person's health. The aim of this study was to establish the correlation between physical fitness of the selected group of firefighters with respect to anthropometric parameters, additional physical activity, and injury rate. Material and methods The study examined 77 men who worked for the State Fire Service (age: 28.87±9.84 years, body mass: 82.13±9.37 kg, body height: 180.12±6.39 cm). Of he study group, 53% of the fire-fighters had normal BMI, 42% were overweight and 5% had first degree obesity. The study used a survey questionnaire concerning the anthropometric data, previous injuries, physiotherapeutic procedures following the injury, and participants' involvement in additional physical activity. A physical fitness test battery was used to determine the correlation between physical fitness and: age, BMI and additional physical activity and injury rate. Results Musculoskeletal injuries accounted for 51% of all injuries. Of all injuries, 56% were occupational. The correlations between the results of the handgrip test were insignificant with respect to BMI and age, whereas in other tests, the correlations were statistically significant (p<0.05). No differences were observed in the results of handgrip test between the group of firefighters who were and those who were not involve in additional physical activity. Comparison of the results obtained by firefighters following the injury and without previous injuries revealed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the 4 x 10 m shuttle run. Conclusions Age and higher values of BMI are the factors that reduce the level of physical fitness of firefighters. Involvement in additional physical activity is a factor in improving physical fitness of firefighters. Previous injuries the firefighters had suffered did not have an effect on their physical fitness.
7
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Identyfikacja wartości sił rozwijanych kończynami górnymi podczas różnych form aktywności fizycznej i manualnych technik fizjoterapeutycznych – przegląd literatury

33%
Trzaskoma Z., Molik B., Morgulec-Adamowicz N., Truszczyńska-Baszak A., Ogonowska-Słodownik A., Marszałek J., Stępień A., Krawczyk M., Wójcik A.
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2017
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vol. 31
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issue 1
59-70
EN
The aim of this study was to review the literature dealing with the force-time characteristics of different forms of physical activity performed with upper limbs by the elderly and the disabled (Nordic Walking and using a wheelchair, respectively) and of manual techniques used by physiotherapists. Values of work and power were analysed as well. Based on the analysis of the literature concerning the substantive areas included in this article, we believe that objective measurements will expand the present knowledge about values of force developed by upper limbs during different forms of human activity. It seems to be of particular significance in the application of manual therapy techniques, because currently values of force exerted upon the patient while applying these techniques are selected by a physiotherapist intuitively and are neither objective nor systematically controlled. The identification of the values of force developed with upper limbs by the elderly, the disabled and physiotherapists during the aforementioned forms of activity will make an original contribution to the broadly defined physical culture, especially rehabilitation and health promotion.
PL
Niniejsze badania miały na celu przegląd literatury dotyczącej charakterystyki siła- czas kończyn górnych osób starszych i niepełnosprawnych podczas różnych form aktywności fizycznej (odpowiednio Nordic Walking oraz poruszanie się na wózku) oraz fizjoterapeutów podczas stosowania technik manualnych, jak również analizę wartości pracy i mocy. W oparciu o analizę literatury przedmiotu dotyczącej zagadnień merytorycznych uwzględnionych w niniejszym artykule uważamy, że obiektywne pomiary rozszerzą aktualny stan wiedzy na temat wartości sił rozwijanych przez kończyny górne podczas różnych form aktywności fizycznej. Wydaje się to mieć szczególne znaczenie w przypadku stosowania manualnych technik fizjoterapeutycznych, jako że aktualnie wartości siły wywieranej na pacjenta podczas stosowania tych technik są dobierane intuicyjnie przez fizjoterapeutę i nie są ani obiektywne, ani systematycznie kontrolowane. Identyfikacja wartości sił rozwijanych kończynami górnymi przez osoby starsze, niepełnosprawne oraz przez fizjoterapeutów podczas wyżej wymienionych form aktywności przyczyni się do rozwoju szeroko pojętej kultury fizycznej, w tym szczególnie rehabilitacji oraz promocji zdrowia.
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