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EN
The study concerns deficits in attention in adults with symptoms of hyperkinetic syndrome. The subject of measure was speed and accuracy of detection the stimuli physically, semantically and emotionally congruent to a given criterion and the accuracy of ignoring the stimuli which did not meet this criterion. Experiment has been conducted with 30 subjects with ADHD syndrome and 30 control subjects without any symptoms of deficits. It has been demonstrated that subjects with hyperkinetic syndrome less accurate and slower detect stimuli congruent with a criterion, and this effect is more apparent in the case of emotional stimuli. Differences has also been emerged in ignoring stimuli which not meet the given criteria. However it has been shown that differences in performance between groups fade in the next trial, what can be interpreted in the terms of efficient mechanism of skill acquisition in subjects with hyperkinetic syndrome.
EN
Tea and coffee, beverages most commonly consumed by people, contain flavonoids, which have an antioxidant effect. It has been proven that green tea consumption protects against both precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. Black tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of ovarian and breast cancer development in postmenopausal women. Drinking coffee lowers the risk of type I endometrial cancer. The majority of studies on postmenopausal women with breast cancer show a protective role of coffee, which seems to be related to the state of hormonal receptors. Alcoholic beverages, on the other hand, are classified as class 1 carcinogens and their metabolism generates harmful free radicals. Alcohol is also associated with an increased risk of HPV infection, which is in turn causally responsible for the development of precancerous cervical lesions. In addition, alcohol increases the risk of recurrence of cervical cancer. In the case of endometrial cancer the views are rather divergent. Some studies suggest that beer and wine may reduce the risk of cancer, while other studies show that other alcoholic beverages consumed in greater quantities increase that risk. While the consumption of wine is believed to reduce the risk of development of endometrioid ovarian cancer, there is no proof of the same effect on other histopathological types of this disease. This phenomenon may be associated with the protective effect of resveratrol. Various types of alcohol, on the other hand, have been proven to be conducive to the development of breast cancer.
PL
Herbata i kawa – napoje bardzo często spożywane przez ludzi – zawierają flawonoidy, mające działanie antyoksydacyjne. Wykazano protekcyjny wpływ konsumpcji zielonej herbaty na rozwój zarówno stanów przedrakowych, jak i raka szyjki macicy. Picie czarnej herbaty wiąże się zaś ze spadkiem ryzyka wystąpienia raka jajnika i raka piersi u kobiet po menopauzie. Spożycie kawy obniża ryzyko rozwoju raka endometrium typu I. Większość badań wskazuje również na ochronne działanie kawy w odniesieniu do raka piersi u kobiet po menopauzie; jak się wydaje, zależy ono od stanu receptorów hormonalnych. Z kolei napoje alkoholowe, zaklasyfikowane jako karcynogeny klasy I, zawierają substancje o działaniu rakotwórczym, a w wyniku ich metabolizmu powstają szkodliwe wolne rodniki. Wykazano, że alkohol zwiększa ryzyko infekcji HPV, przyczynowo związanej z rozwojem stanów przedrakowych szyjki macicy, a także ryzyko nawrotu raka szyjki macicy. W przypadku raka endometrium uzyskiwano rozbieżne wyniki – wydaje się, że piwo i wino mogą obniżyć ryzyko, jednak inne napoje alkoholowe spożywane w większej ilości je zwiększają. Picie wina wiąże się ze spadkiem ryzyka rozwoju endometrioidalnego raka jajnika, ale nie innych typów histologicznych tego nowotworu; może to być związane z protekcyjnym działaniem resweratrolu. Wykazano, że różne rodzaje alkoholu są niekorzystne w kontekście rozwoju raka piersi.
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