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Roślinne substancje lotne - budowa, biosynteza i rola w oddziaływaniach środowiskowych

100%
Szakiel A.
Kosmos
|
2015
|
vol. 64
|
issue 3
501-511
PL
Rośliny syntetyzują i uwalniają do otoczenia różnorodne lotne substancje organiczne. Dla nie mających możliwości przemieszczania się, ukorzenionych w jednym miejscu organizmów wydzielanie lotnych związków daje możliwość wysyłania różnych sygnałów nawet na znaczne odległości. Substancje lotne wydzielane przez kwiaty służą najczęściej jako atraktanty dla zwierząt zapylających, zaś substancje wydzielane z części wegetatywnych służą odstraszaniu patogenów i roślinożerców, przywabianiu wrogów tych roślinożerców, a także przekazaniu sygnału o zagrożeniu do odległych części tej samej rośliny i roślin sąsiadujących. Wydzielane przez rośliny lotne związki tworzą zatem w środowisku niewidoczną, lecz często zadziwiająco skuteczną, sieć wymiany informacji.
EN
Plants synthesize and emit to the environment a variety of volatile organic compounds. For these immobile, rooted in one place organisms, the secretion of volatile substances gives the unique possibility of long-distance communication. Floral volatiles serve as attractants to pollinators, whereas the compounds released from vegetative parts can deter pathogens and herbivores, attract the enemies of herbivores and transmit a signal of danger to the distant parts of the infected plant or the neighboring plants. The emitted volatiles create an invisible but very effective net of information exchange in the environment.
2
Content available remote

The effect of inorganic pyrophosphate on the transport of oleanolic acid monoglycosides into vacuoles isolated from Calendula officinalis leaves

64%
Szakiel A., Janiszowska W.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1998
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vol. 45
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issue 3
819-823
3
Content available remote

Analysis of gypsogenin saponins in homeopathic tinctures

64%
Szakiel A., Henry M.
|
2007
|
vol. 54
|
issue 4
853-856
EN
A relatively simple and short procedure for the quantitative determination of gypsogenin saponins was performed to evaluate homeopathic tinctures in which those compounds can be regarded as one of the active constituents. This method comprises partial hydrolysis of saponins, subsequent extraction of liberated prosaponin (gypsogenin 3-O-glucuronide) and its analysis by high performance liquid chromatography. Glycyrrhizic acid was used as an internal standard. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of mother tinctures obtained from Saponaria officinalis. Thus, the determination of triterpenoid saponins can be used as a convenient and sufficient method of standardization of selected homeopathic tinctures.
4
Content available remote

Distribution of triterpene acids and their derivatives in organs of cowberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) plant

64%
Szakiel A., Mroczek A.
|
2007
|
vol. 54
|
issue 4
733-740
EN
Wild berries of the genus Vaccinium have become increasingly popular in human health promotion due to their nutritional and medicinal properties. Some striking divergence of opinion about the content of triterpenoids in these plants still exists, meanwhile, this very large class of natural isoprenoids exhibits a wide range of biological activities and hence is of growing research interest. An investigation of triterpenoidal constituents from the cowberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) plant led to the isolation of two isomeric acids: oleanolic and ursolic and the occurrence of their derivatives in this plant was demonstrated for the first time. Free triterpene acids as well as small amounts of their bound forms (presumable glycosides and glycoside esters) occur in fruits and the vegetative part of the plant, however, in various amounts and different ratios. The total content of both acids was the highest in organs regarded as traditional herbal resources, namely fruits and leaves (1 and 0.6% of dry mass, respectively), whereas it was markedly lower in stems and rhizomes. However, the rhizomes were in turn the plant organ containing relatively the highest amount of the bound forms of both acids (0.01% of dry mass). Ursolic acid was dominant in the whole plant, but the ratio of oleanolic to ursolic acid was significantly different in individual organs, decreasing from the upper (fruits 1:2.4, leaves 1:2) to the lower (stems 1:3.5, rhizomes 1:5.2) parts of the plant. This pattern of distribution of triterpenoids in the plant may have an important physiological and ecological meaning.
5
Content available remote

Specificity of the tonopIast transport of the oleanolic acid monoglycosides in the vacuoles from Calendula officinalis leaves

63%
Szakiel A., Janiszewska W.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1997
|
vol. 44
|
issue 2
333-338
6
Content available remote

Reversibility of the oleanolic acid monoglycosides transport across the tonoplast in vacuoles isolated from Calendula officinalis leaves

63%
Szakiel A., Janiszowska W.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1997
|
vol. 44
|
issue 1
55-59
7
Content available remote

The effect of pH and ATP on the transport of oleanolic acid monoglycosides into isolatedvacuoles of Calendula officinalis leaves

63%
Szakiel A., Janiszowska W.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1991
|
vol. 38
|
issue 1
47-51
8
Content available remote

The kinetics of transport of oleanolic acid monoglycosides into vacuoles isolated from Calendula officinalis leaf protoplasts

63%
Szakiel A., Janiszowska W.
|
|
vol. 40
|
issue 1
136-138
9
Content available remote

Competition between oleanolic acid glycosides in their transport to isolated vacuoles from Calendula officinalis leaf protoplasts

63%
Szakiel A., Janiszowska W.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1992
|
vol. 39
|
issue 1
107-112
10
Content available remote

Metabolism of [3-^3H]oleanolic acid in the isolated Calendula officinalis leaf cells and transport of the synthesized glycosides to the cell wall and the extracellular space

51%
Szakiel A., Wasiukiewicz I., Janiszowska W.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1995
|
vol. 42
|
issue 1
25-29
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