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1
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Magnetic Anisotropy in Co/Nd Multilayers with Depth-Selectively Inserted ^{57}Fe Probe Layer

100%
Baczewski L., Mibu K., Nagahama T., Shinjo T.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2000
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vol. 97
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issue 3
439-442
EN
Multilayers of Co/Nd with probe layer of 2 Å of ^{57}Fe evaporated in UHV conditions were studied by means of vibrating sample magnetometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy at T = 4.2 K. Isomer shift, hyperfine field distribution and direction was obtained from the Mössbauer data computer fitting. Magnetic anisotropy was studied and discussed. The easy magnetization direction was close to the perpendicular direction for both samples but the tendency to perpendicular anisotropy was stronger when the Fe probe layer was placed in the vicinity of Co/Nd interface.
2
Content available remote

Stm Observed Surface Structures and Magnetic Properties of MBE-Grown Metallic Thin Films

88%
Kalinowski R., Baczewski L., Wawro A., Meyer C., Raułuszkiewicz J.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1998
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vol. 93
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issue 2
409-413
EN
Rare-earth epitaxial thin films of Tb and Gd of the thicknesses between 2 nm and 16 nm were deposited by means of molecular beam epitaxy method. The roughness of the rare-earth films measured by scanning tunneling microscopy was found to be in the range of 1-4.5 nm. The influence of the roughness on the dipolar anisotropy and magnetocrystalline surface anisotropy was estimated. The magnetic measurements have shown that the Gd layers deposited on the Y buffer layers had an easy plane anisotropy. However, for 2 nm thick Gd layer deposited on W buffer layer the perpendicular anisotropy was observed. According to the roughness analysis the possible sources of the perpendicular anisotropy in this sample is mainly the magnetoelastic anisotropy, but the presence of the magnetocrystalline surface anisotropy also cannot be neglected.
3
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Preisach Maps of Multilayered Co/Cu Structures

88%
Gutowski M., Gutowska M., Piotrowski K., Baczewski L., Wawro A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2000
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vol. 97
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issue 3
467-470
EN
Magnetooptical Kerr effect measurements of room temperature hysteresis loops were taken using sandwich- and multilayer-type specimens and He-Ne laser light. For maximal external field of ~250 Gs the corresponding Kerr angle reached 0.04 deg. The samples were obtained in the Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, using MBE method. The structure of samples may be described by a formula: substrate-buffer layer-(xCo/yCu)_{n} -cover layer. Al_{2}O_{3} (two orientations) and MgO were used as substrates, the buffer layer was made of W, Cu or Fe, x=15, 20 or 25 Å, y=7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 20 Å, n=25 and 30. 50 Å of gold (Au) served as a cover layer. The genetic algorithm was subsequently used as a data processing tool, in order to reconstruct the Preisach map for each hysteresis loop. The diagrams clearly indicate changes of magnetic interactions caused by varying thicknesses of individual magnetic and non-magnetic layers.
4
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Magnetism in Rare-Earth-Transition Metal Systems. Magnetization Reversal and Ultra-High Susceptibility in Sandwiched Thin Films Based on Rare-earth and Cobalt Alloys

76%
Baczewski L., Givord D., Alameda J., Dieny B., Nozieres J., Rebouillat J., Prejean J.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1993
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vol. 83
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issue 5
629-641
EN
This paper is composed of two parts: theoretical and experimental. The theoretical part is divided into several sections. The main characteristic properties of 3d (transition metals) and 4f (rare-earth metals) magnetism are explained in the second section. The properties of rare-earth-transition metal compounds are discussed in the third section, particularly with respect to applications. The fourth section is devoted to the rapidly growing field of magnetic thin films. Specifrc properties of ultra-thin films and multilayers are summarized. In the experimental part the original magnetic properties of sandwich films, consisting of a soft amorphous Co-Zr layer placed between two Sm-Co layers with different coercivities, are reported.
5
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Buffer Induced Magnetic Patterning of Ultrathin Co Layer

76%
Wawro A., Petroutchik A., Kurant Z., Baczewski L., Mazalski P., Maziewski A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2009
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vol. 115
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issue 1
306-308
EN
The possibility of magnetic anisotropy engineering of ultrathin Co films in the scale of several dozen nanometers is investigated by magnetooptical magnetometry. In Au/Co/Au sandwiches the spin reorientation transition from the out-of-plane to the in-plane configuration is observed, when Co layer thickness exceeds 1.9 nm. Molybdenum as the underlayer suppresses the Co thickness range for which the perpendicular magnetization is stable. The application of patterned buffer in the form of Au islands grown on Mo layer for ultrathin Co film gives rise to the array of spatially stable magnetic dots fabrication ca. 100 nm in lateral size with magnetization perpendicular to the film plane surrounded by the area magnetized in the sample plane.
6
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Brillouin Light Scattering Investigations οf Magnetic and Elastic Properties in MBE Grown Trilayer Mo/Co/Au Systems

64%
Gieniusz R., Błachowicz T., Maziewski A., Petroutchik A., Baczewski L., Wawro A., Hamrle J., Serga O., Hillebrands B.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2009
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vol. 115
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issue 1
213-216
EN
The magnetic and elastic properties of epitaxially grown Mo/Co/Au trilayer systems were investigated by the Brillouin light scattering and a ferromagnetic resonance. Using both experimental methods the perpendicular uniaxial anisotropy and the effective in-plane twofold anisotropy contributions were determined as the function of the cobalt thicknesses. Acoustic phonons analysis shows that the elastic constants are decreased with increasing cobalt layer thicknesses.
7
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Magnetic and Structural Study of (ZnTe)/Co Core-Shell Nanowires Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

64%
Misiuna P., Dłużewski P., Wojciechowski T., Lewińska S., Ślawska-Waniewska A., Wawro A., Wiater M., Wojtowicz T., Baczewski L.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 2
517-519
EN
Arrays of crystalline ZnTe nanowires grown by vapor-liquid-solid mechanism were covered with cobalt in a molecular beam epitaxy system. Magnetic and structural characterization of such core/shell nanowires was performed. Using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy it was found that the mean shell thickness of cobalt was about 35% of the nominal deposition thickness. Deposited cobalt had a polycrystalline structure covering the ZnTe nanowires evenly along their length. With the increment of temperature during Co deposition the roughness of the nanowire sidewalls increases. Vibrating sample magnetometry measurements revealed that the magnetization easy-axis direction is perpendicular to the long axis of the nanowires, which is in agreement with theoretical predictions. Oxidation of Co shell does not change the anisotropy direction of such structures, however it increases their coercivity. Exchange bias effect at the interface of cobalt and cobalt oxides suggested by some authors is not responsible for such anisotropy orientation.
8
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Structural and Magnetic Properties of MBE Grown (Fe/Pt) (111) Multilayers

52%
Marynowska A., Dynowska E., Lewińska S., Seki T., Takanashi K., Kanak J., Pietruczik A., Aleszkiewicz P., Wawro A., Ślawska-Waniewska A., Baczewski L.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 130
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issue 6
1363-1370
EN
Series of Al₂O₃(0001)/Pt/(Fe/Pt)ₙ/Pt multilayers with variable number of bilayers n and thicknesses of individual layers were grown using molecular beam epitaxy to investigate influence of buffer layer structure, number of bilayers, and individual layer thickness on their structural and magnetic properties. Both columnar and monocrystalline 10 nm Pt (111) buffer layers were used in the experiment. Structure of Pt buffer layer determined the roughness of Fe/Pt interfaces and consequently magnetic properties of the multilayers. When multilayers were deposited on columnar Pt buffer layer, we observed increase of Fe/Pt interfaces roughness with increasing number of bilayers to values exceeding the nominal Fe/Pt bilayer thickness in the upper part of the sample volume, which resulted in the increment of coercivity in the sample with n=15 determined from hysteresis loops measured for perpendicular orientation of magnetic field. When Fe/Pt multilayers were deposited on monocrystalline Pt buffer layer, Fe/Pt interfaces were smooth regardless the number of bilayers. All samples, despite of the quality of buffer layer, number of bilayers, and individual layer thickness revealed easy magnetisation axis oriented in the sample plane.
9
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Growth and Properties of ZnMnTe Nanowires

46%
Zaleszczyk W., Janik E., Presz A., Szuszkiewicz W., Morhange J., Dłużewski P., Kret S., Kirmse H., Neumann W., Dynowska E., Domagała J., Caliebe W., Aleszkiewicz M., Pacuski W., Golnik A., Kossacki P., Baczewski L., Petroutchik A., Karczewski G., Wojtowicz T.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2007
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vol. 112
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issue 2
351-356
EN
Catalytically enhanced growth of ZnMnTe diluted magnetic semiconductor nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy is reported. The growth is based on the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism and was performed on (001) and (011)-oriented GaAs substrates from elemental sources. X-ray diffractometry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and Raman scattering were performed to determine the structure of nanowires, their chemical composition, and morphology. These studies revealed that the obtained ZnMnTe nanowires possess zinc-blende structure, have an average diameter of about 30 nm, typical length between 1 and 2μm and that Mn^{2+} ions were incorporated into substitutional sites of the ZnTe crystal lattice.
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