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Phytoplankton Diversity and Abundance in Relation to Physico-chemical Parameters of Ifewara Reservoir, Southwestern Nigeria

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Hameed I. O., Adeniyi I. F., Adesakin T. A., Aduwo A. I.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2019
|
vol. 24
250-267
EN
The phytoplankton abundance and physico-chemical parameters of Ifewara Reservoir, Southwestern Nigeria was studied for four months (February to December, 2015). Four sampling stations (designated Stations 1-4) were established along the horizontal axis of the reservoir - from inflow region to the dam site end. At each station, net plankton samples were collected by sieving 30 litres of water through a plankton net of 50 µm mesh size into 30 ml concentrate volume. These were then preserved in 5% formalin solution and later treated with Lugol’s solution and reduced to 3 ml for microscope observation. The results of the physico-chemical parameters showed that some were above recommended limits of the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agencies (NESREA) for drinking water and aquatic life. Sixty-nine (69) species of phytoplankton were recorded from the four investigated sampling stations. The abundance of phytoplankton was in the following order; Bacillariophyceae (90.84%) > Chlorophyceae (44.67%) > Cyanophyceae (10.69%) > Charophyceae (0.31%) > Euglenophyceae (0.12%) > Dinophyceae (0.06%) > Chrysophyceae (0.03%). The most abundant phytoplankton species was Fragilaria aceania, accounting for 74.28% of the total, followed by Cosmarium quadrum (13.04%), Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum (11.97%) and Oscillatoria tenuis (8.03%). With regard to the horizontal pattern of variation along the reservoir, the highest phytoplankton abundance was recorded at the inflow basin and the lowest abundance at the dam site. Almost all the phytoplankton groups also had their highest mean abundance during the rainy season rather then during the dry season.
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