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Acaconin, a chitinase-like antifungal protein with cytotoxic and anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activities from Acacia confusa seeds

100%
Lam S. K., Ng T. B.
|
2010
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vol. 57
|
issue 3
299-304
EN
From the seeds of Acacia confusa, a chitinase-like antifungal protein designated as acaconin that demonstrated antifungal activity toward Rhizoctonia solani with an IC50 of 30±4 µM was isolated. Acaconin demonstrated an N-terminal sequence with pronounced similarity to chitinases and a molecular mass of 32 kDa. It was isolated by chromatography on Q-Sepharose, SP-Sepharose and Superdex 75 and was not bound by either ion exchanger. Acaconin was devoid of chitinase activity. The antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani was completely preserved from pH 4 to 10 and from 0°C to 70°C. Congo Red staining at the tips of R. solani hyphae indicated inhibition of fungal growth. However, there was no antifungal activity toward Mycosphaerella arachidicola, Fusarium oxysporum, Helminthosporium maydis, and Valsa mali. Acaconin inhibited proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells with an IC50 of 128±9 µM but did not affect hepatoma HepG2 cells. Its IC50 value toward HIV-1 reverse transcriptase was 10±2.3 µM. The unique features of acaconin include relatively high stability when exposed to changes in ambient pH and temperature, specific antifungal and antitumor actions, potent HIV-reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity, and lack of binding by strongly cationic and anionic exchangers.
2
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Purification and characterization of a novel laccase from the mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis

81%
Tian G.-T., Zhang G.-Q., Wang H.-X., Ng T. B.
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2012
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vol. 59
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issue 3
407-412
EN
A novel laccase with a molecular mass of 64 kDa and the N-terminal sequence AIGPDDTINF was isolated from fresh fruiting bodies of the mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis. The purification protocol comprised ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, and Q-Sepharose, and gel filtration on Superdex 75. The laccase was adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Q-Sepharose, but not on CM-cellulose. It demonstrated an optimal temperature of 70°C. The enzyme activity increased steadily over the temperature range 20°C-70°C. There was only a slight reduction in activity at 80°C. However, all activity disappeared following exposure to 100°C for 10 minutes. The enzyme activity changed only slightly over the pH range 3-5, with the optimum at pH 5, but underwent a precipitous decline when the pH was elevated to 6, and was undetectable at pH 8 and pH 9.
3
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A novel alkaline protease with antiproliferative activity from fresh fruiting bodies of the toxic wild mushroom Amanita farinosa

71%
Sun J., Zhao Y., Chai H., Wang H., Ng T. B.
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2011
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vol. 58
|
issue 4
567-572
EN
A novel protease with a molecular mass of 15 kDa was purified from fresh fruiting bodies of the wild mushroom Amanita farinosa. The purification protocol entailed anion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, cation exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75. The protease was unadsorbed on DEAE-cellulose but adsorbed on Affi-gel blue gel and SP-Sepharose. It demonstrated a single 15-kDa band in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS/PAGE) and a 15-kDa peak in gel filtration. The optimal pH and optimal temperature of the protease were pH 8.0 and 65 °C, respectively. Proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells was inhibited by the protease with an IC50 of 25 µM. The protease did not have antifungal or ribonuclease activity.
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