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1

Animals as bioreactors ? the future of pharmaceutical industry?

100%
Tyczewska A., Bakowska-Zywicka K.
Biotechnologia
|
2008
|
issue 3
64-70
EN
Biotechnology products and its application raise many controversies. Discussions are carried out where the supporters of GMO are underlining the qualities of genetically modified organisms, and sceptics are pointing the dangers that, in their perspective, are exceeding the benefits. In this article, we intend to show the qualities resulting from the use of transgenic animals to produce cheaper drugs, as biotechnology and genetic engineering methods gave the possibility to use animals as bioreactors.
2

The structure of the ribosome-short history

100%
Bakowska-Zywicka K., Tyczewska A.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 1
99-103
EN
Ribosomes, which are ?the heart of the protein biosynthesis' have been the focus of structural studies for more than 50 years. The reconstitution of some of the morphological features of the ribosome was performed many years ago. In the past few years, high-resolution structures provided molecular details of different intermediates in ribosome-mediated translation. Together, these studies have revolutionized our understanding of the mechanism of protein biosynthesis. This success depended strictly on the advances in biochemical, biophysical and genetic studies and macromolecular crystallography that have been made during last decades.
3

Molecular basics of protein biosynthesis ? function of 23S rRNA

100%
Bakowska-Zywicka K., Kietrys A.
|
2007
|
issue 1
186-196
EN
The main function of ribosome is to serve as a site of mRNA translation into a sequence of amino acids in a process called protein biosynthesis. Most important for understanding the translational mechanism is how a ribosome interacts with the factors playing role in this complicated cellular process. The key elements of these interactions are the functional domains of rRNAs. In this paper, we present the functional importance of 23S rRNA in polypeptide biosynthesis.
4

Ribophagy ? the novel degradation system of the ribosome

100%
Bakowska-Zywicka K., Tyczewska A.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 1
99-103
EN
Recently biochemists have discovered a new pathway by which the cell selectively degrades ribosomes. The pathway is called ribophagy. Two proteins were identified as crucial for the selective degradation of ribosomes by autophagy: ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (Ubp3) and Ubp3-associated cofactor, Bre5. This fact strengthens the connections between the autophagy and proteasome pathways of protein degradations.
5

Recycling of eucaryotic ribosomes

100%
Tyczewska A., Bakowska-Zywicka K.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 1
81-85
EN
Until recently protein biosynthesis has been viewed as a process involving only three steps: initiation of translation, elongation of the nascent polypeptide chain and release of the completed unfolded polypeptide. In recent years fourth step in translation has been distinguished ? it is the recycling of the ribosome. In this process posttermination complexes termed post-TC consisting of ribosomes with deacylated tRNA(s) and mRNA are dissociated with the help of ribosome recycling factor (RRF), elongation factor G (EF-G) and initiation factor 3 (IF3) in Procaryotes. The mechanism of this final step in Eucaryotes was unknown for a long time, but the work of Pisarev et al. sheds a light on splitting 80S ribosomes and preparing them for the next cycle of translation.
6

miR-122 silencing a novel therapy for HCV infections?

100%
Tyczewska A., Bakowska-Zywicka K.
Biotechnologia
|
2010
|
issue 3
29-35
EN
Hepatitis C (HCV) infection is one of major epidemiological, medical and social concerns in the modern world. In Poland, around 700 000 people have HCV, worldwide the number is as high as 200 million. Current treatment consists of pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin, but is limited by the resistance of the viral strains, adverse effects, and high costs. Since HCV infection is a major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, it is necessary to develop novel antiviral compounds with improved virological response and reduced toxicity. In this article, we describe the results of recent trials to fight the HCV infection using an antagonising miR-122 oligo-LNA probe in primates.
7

Structure and function of intersubunit bridges in procaryotic ribosome

81%
Kietrys A. M., Szopa A., Bakowska-Zywicka K.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 1
48-58
EN
The main function of ribosome is decoding of the genetic message and formation of peptide bonds. Protein synthesis is a dynamic process during which tRNA and mRNA are translocated through the ribosome. Ribosomal subunits, small and large, are joined together by a series of bridges, which make possible forming of an active ribosome. It this paper we present the functional importance of ribosomal bridges.
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