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Comparative X-Ray study of galantamine and tacrine on the evacuatory function of rat gastrointestinal tract

100%
Kristev A., Sirakov V., Turiiski V., Getova D., Velkova K.
Open Medicine
|
2008
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vol. 3
|
issue 1
47-53
EN
A The acetylcholinesterase inhibitors galantamine and tacrine are used to treat Alzheimer’s disease. However, these compounds also affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Here, we compared and analyzed both the effects of galantamine-and tacrine on the evacuatory kinetics of the GI tract in rats. Rats were untreated (n=15) or treated with galantamine (one daily dose of 1 mg/kg per os for 21 days; n=17) or tacrine (one daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg per os for 21 days; n=13) and evacuatory kinetics were assessed using radiological methods. Galantamine initially slowed and then accelerated evacuation, which is characteristic of the majority of cholinesterase inhibitors and is a result of the endogenous acetylcholine accumulated in the GI tissues. In the tacrine-treated rats the contrast medium was kept in the stomach and cecum and its evacuation time was reliably increased. These results indicate that when administered for 20 days, galantamine and tacrine have different effects on motor and evacuatory function in the GI tract of rats, because at certain levels of the tract the tacrine-action is dominated by specific non-cholinergic and non-anticholinesterase mechanisms.
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Comparing hyoscine and drotaverine effects on colon in CT colonography

73%
Kristev A., Sirakov N., Getova D., Katcarov V., Sirakov V., Stefanov R., Turiiski V., Velkova K.
Open Medicine
|
2011
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vol. 6
|
issue 2
234-242
EN
Hyoscine and drotaverine effectiveness was compared for the purposes of achieving optimum distension following insufflation in CT colonography. The in vitro effects of hyoscine and drotaverine on tone and contractility of SM preparations isolated from different areas of human colon were studied by isometric registration of contractile activity. Both medications have a relaxing effect on SM preparations and inhibit their spontaneous contractions. The drotaverine-induced effects were reliably more marked than the hyoscine-induced ones. CT colonography was performed in 70 patients who were injected with equal doses of either hyoscine (n=32) or drotaverine (n=38). The degree of drug-induced distension in both groups was determined by measuring the lumen of the colon on a 2D reconstruction. In most colon areas the width of the distended lumen was greater in the drotaverine-treated patients. We concluded that drotaverine can be used as a means to facilitate colonic distension.
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