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Mathematical modelling of wet oxidation of excess sludge

100%
Chacuk A., Imbierowicz M.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
|
2007
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vol. 9
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issue 2
1-4
EN
A mathematical model enabling a quantitative description of wet oxidation of excess sludge in continuous bubble columns is proposed. The model consists of mass and heat transfer kinetic equations and material and heat balance equations of gas and liquid phases flowing through the absorber. The equations of material and heat balance refer to a parallel, co- current flow of gas and liquid phase and take into account a complex chemical reaction in the liquid phase core. The proposed model was used in a numerical simulation of wet oxidation in a bubble absorber for different process conditions: flow rate and composition of the gas and liquid phase, temperature and pressure, and different heights and diameters of the column.
2
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Wet Oxidation of Dairy Sewage: The Kinetic Study of Decomposition of the Milk Components

81%
Piotrowska K., Imbierowicz M., Chacuk A.
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S
|
2013
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vol. 20
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issue 3
531-541
EN
The article presents the results of kinetic studies of the wet oxidation process of dairy sewage. The dairy sewage, obtained straight from the production line, was subjected to oxidation at pH close to the natural value of 7. Experiments were carried out in a stirred batch tank reactor at the oxygen partial pressure equal to 1 MPa and at temperature ranging from 473 to 593 K. The effectiveness of organic compounds decomposition was estimated based on the measurement of TOC. The kinetics of decomposition of milk components, ie lactose, protein and fat, as well as the kinetics of oxidation of intermediate products was the aim of the study. Measurement of the concentration of protein, fat and lactose was done with a milk composition analyzer, calibrated in relation to the dairy sewage. The obtained results were used to develop a mathematical model of wet oxidation of dairy sewage, including the group of analyzed compounds.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań kinetycznych procesu mokrego utleniania ścieków pochodzących z przemysłu mleczarskiego. Utlenianiu poddane zostały ścieki mleczarskie o ich naturalnym pH zbliżonym do wartości 7, pobrane bezpośrednio po procesie produkcyjnym. Badania prowadzone były w okresowym reaktorze zbiornikowym z mieszadłem, przy ciśnieniu cząstkowym tlenu wynoszącym 1 MPa, w zakresie zmienności temperatury od 473 do 593 K. Oceny efektywności stopnia rozkładu związków organicznych dokonano na podstawie pomiaru wartości TOC. Celem badań było zbadanie kinetyki rozkładu związków wchodzących w skład mleka - laktozy, białek i tłuszczu oraz kinetyki przemian produktów pośrednich utleniania - lotnych kwasów tłuszczowych. Pomiar stężenia białek, tłuszczu i laktozy odbywał się z wykorzystaniem analizatora składu mleka, skalibrowanego w stosunku do ścieków mleczarskich. Otrzymane wyniki posłużyły do budowy modelu matematycznego procesu mokrego utleniania ścieków, obejmującego grupy analizowanych związków.
3
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Wet Oxidation of Dairy Sewage

81%
Piotrowska K., Imbierowicz M., Chacuk A.
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S
|
2012
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vol. 19
|
issue 1
29-38
EN
Results of kinetic studies on the process of wet oxidation of dairy sewage are presented. Experiments were carried out in a stirred batch tank reactor at the oxygen partial pressure equal to 1 MPa and at temperature ranging from 473 to 523 K. Dairy sewage was subjected to oxidation at a natural pH close to 4. The efficiency of decomposition of organic compounds was estimated on the basis of TOC measurement. The highest TOC reduction rate reached 79.6%. A kinetic model of the process was proposed and its parameters were determined experimentally. Good agreement of the experimental and calculated results was obtained.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań kinetycznych procesu mokrego utleniania ścieków przemysłu mleczarskiego. Badania przeprowadzono w okresowym reaktorze zbiornikowym z mieszadłem, przy ciśnieniu cząstkowym tlenu PO2 = 1 MPa, w zakresie temperatury od 473 do 523 K. Utlenianiu poddawano ścieki mleczarskie o ich naturalnym odczynie zbliżonym do wartości 4. Oceny efektywności rozkładu związków organicznych dokonano na podstawie pomiaru wartości TOC. Najwyższy stopień redukcji TOC ukształtował się na poziomie 79,6%. Zaproponowano model kinetyczny procesu i na podstawie badań eksperymentalnych określono jego parametry. Uzyskano dobrą zgodność wyników doświadczalnych i obliczeniowych.
4
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Methane fermentation of poultry slaughterhouse waste

71%
Wymysłowski M., Łuczak M., Zawadzka A., Imbierowicz M., Chacuk A.
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EN
One of the alternative methods for the treatment of animal by-products is their utilization in biological processes with a simultaneous production of energy-rich biogas. The results of the investigations of methane fermentation of animal waste are discussed in the study. The methane fermentation was carried out at 35°C. The substrates used in the experiments included poultry heads and muscle tissue. Furthermore, the fermentation residues subjected previously to hydrothermal processing were used as a substrate. The suspension of those substrates in the initial concentration range from 1 g TOC/dm3 to 11 g TOC/dm3 was used in the process. Additionally, the effect of the preliminary stage of hydrothermal substrate processing on methane fermentation efficiency was assessed. Poultry waste was subjected to thermohydrolysis at the temperature from 100°C to 300°C and pressure up to 9.0 MPa. The efficiency of the methane fermentation was estimated on the basis of biogas generated in the process. The biogas production was between 0.17 Ndm3/g TOC and 1.53 Ndm3/g TOC. In the case of poultry heads, a beneficial impact of hydrothermal processing at the temperatures from 100°C to 175°C was confirmed. For poultry meat the preliminary thermohydrolysis brought about a decrease of methane fraction in the biogas evolved. The preliminary hydrothermal processing made it possible to meet the requirements of legal regulations for the hygienization of by-products of animal origin. The obtained results allowed us to identify conditions under which the methane fermentation was carried out and which ensured a high level of methanization.
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