Several approaches towards 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid(1) have been proposed. The only one which gave satisfactory results led to 2,3-dideoxy-5,6:7,8-di-O-isopropylidene-D-manno-octulosonic acid(39). This direct precursor of 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid(1) which was synthesized from the readily available 1,2:3,4:5,6-tri-O-isopropylidene-D-gluconate (2) in 6 steps.
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