The Mac Lane method of classification and construction of all extensions of a group Q by an Abelian group T is demonstrated on the case Q = D_{2}, T = C_{2}. Constructions involving free groups and operator homomorphisms are performed in detail, and the complete list of resulting extensions is given. It is shown that there are 8 classes of gauge equivalency, and they fall into 4 classes of isomorphism. The role of gauge transformations is pointed out. Physical contexts of various constructions are reviewed. A comparison with the direct cohomology definitions is performed.
Electronic structure of a crystal within the tight binding model is described in terms of fibre bundle formalism, with the base and fiber being respectively the set of all sites and the single-centre space of electron spinorbitals. It is based on the Weyl's duality between the symmetric group and the unitary group, and paves the way for a Racah-Wigner type of description of electronic structure in multicentre systems.
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