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Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 2
111-119
EN
This article reviews the current knowledge on the key cellular enzyme: citrate synthase [E.C.4.1.3.7]. The paper includes the description of genes, protein and active side structures, multienzyme complex formation, cellular functions and kinetic parameters. Some possible biotechnological application are presented.
EN
The purpose of the paper was to describe nonconventional yeasts: Hansenula polymorpha, Pichia pastoris, Yarrowia lipolytica, Arxula adeninivorans, Kluyveromyces lactis and Debaryomyces hansenii as affirmed or potential producers of heterologous proteins and biopharmaceutics. Cited species were characterized by genome size, particular physiological aspects and molecular tools used for genetic transformation. Advantages and disadvantages of production systems based on nonconventional yeasts were brievly discussed in comparison to well known industrial processes involving Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli or mammalian cells lines.
EN
The growing importance of yeast in food and beverages creates a necessity for a rapid and reliable method for typing of strains. As described in the present review, Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA method (RAPD), based on genome sequence diversity, allowed the differentiation and identification of strains belonging to Saccharomyces, Hanseniaspora, Yarrowia and other yeasts occurring in beer, wine, cheeses, sausages, dressings and fruits. The applied methodology and obtained results were compared and analysed in terms of repeatability and reproducibility. The possibility to compile the results in a database, which will serve the future identification of unknown strains, was discussed.
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