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The simplex optimization for high porous carbons preparation

100%
Sreńscek-Nazzal J., Michalkiewicz B.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2011
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vol. 13
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issue 4
63-70
EN
The microporous carbon materials were prepared by chemical activation of Polish coal with potassium hydroxide using the simplex design method for planning the experiments. The experimental parameters were varied to identify the optimum conditions. Coal can be an excellent starting material for the preparation of high porous carbons for natural gas storage. The porosity of the resultant carbons was characterized by nitrogen adsorption (-196°C). Methane adsorption was investigated in a volumetric laboratory installation at range pressures from 1 to 3.5 MPa (25°C).The best results of methane storage capacity (557 cm3 · g-1) were obtained when using an impregnation ratio 3.41/1 KOH/precursor and temperature at 592°C, (SLANG = 2091 m2 · g-1). The parameters of the preparation of high porosity and high methane adsorption carbon were determined by a fast and simple method.
2
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Modification of Commercial Activated Carbons for CO₂ Adsorption

71%
Sreńscek-Nazzal J., Narkiewicz U., Morawski A., Wróbel,A. Gęsikiewicz-Puchalska R., Michalkiewicz B.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 129
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issue 3
394-401
EN
The aim of the investigations was a modification of DTO, a commercial activated carbon (AC), to improve CO₂ adsorption capacity. The adsorption of CO₂ up to 40 bar at 40°C temperature was investigated. The volumetric method was applied for CO₂ adsorption isotherm measurements. The starting material - DTO - was modified using chemical activation (KOH, ZnCl₂, K₂CO₃). The textural parameters of all the ACs were determined by nitrogen adsorption at the liquid nitrogen temperature of -196°C on Quadrasorb SI. Results showed that the AC modified with KOH had the highest S_{BET}, V_{tot}, V_{mic} values of 2063 m²/g, 1.13 cm³/g, and 0.67 cm³/g, respectively. ACs with a wider pore size distribution (from micropores to mesopores) were obtained. The maximum CO₂ adsorption was equal to 14.44 mmol/g for DTO/KOH - modified carbon whereas 8.07 mmol/g of CO₂ was adsorbed at DTO. The CO₂ adsorption capacities of the ACs were found to be closely correlated with the BET surface areas of the materials tested. The experimental data was fitted to the Freundlich, Langmuir, Sips and Toth equations to determine the model isotherm. The Sips model was found to be the best for fitting the adsorption of CO₂.
3
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Preparation of Activated Carbon from Beet Molasses and TiO₂ as the Adsorption of CO₂

61%
Glonek K., Sreńscek-Nazzal J., Narkiewicz U., Morawski A., Wróbel R., Michalkiewicz B.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 129
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issue 1
158-161
EN
The objective of this work is to produce activated carbon from sugar beet molasses containing TiO₂ for CO₂ adsorption and reduction. Textural properties of activated carbons were obtained based on the adsorption-desorption isotherms of nitrogen at 77 K. The specific surface areas of activated carbons were calculated by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. The volumes of micropores were obtained by density functional theory method. The adsorption isotherms of CO₂ were measured up to the pressure of 1 atm at a temperature of 40°C. The best activated carbon adsorbed 1.9 mmol/g of CO₂.
4
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Activated Carbons from Molasses as CO₂ Sorbents

61%
Młodzik J., Sreńscek-Nazzal J., Narkiewicz U., Morawski A., Wróbel R., Michalkiewicz B.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 129
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issue 3
402-404
EN
Aim of this research is to obtain effective, molasses based activated carbon, which would adsorb big amounts of CO₂. Molasses was mixed with KOH. Weight ratio of dry materials was 1:1 (AC1, AC3) and 1:2 (only AC2). Homogeneous mixture was obtained. Material was left for 3 h at 25°C. Drying lasted for 12 h at 200°C, and the material was grounded. The mixture was pyrolysed at 750°C, under constant flow (18 dm³/min) of nitrogen. The material was grounded again. Then, powder was washed with water, until filtrate was neutral, which took about 5 dm³ of water. AC3 was washed with 1 dm³ of water. After drying, materials were soaked in HCl (0.1 mol/dm³) for 19 h, and washed with water, until filtrate was neutral. CO₂ adsorption was performed under high pressure up to 40 atm, at 40°C. Specific surface area (according to the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller equation) was calculated for AC1, AC2 and AC3 and it is respectively 1985, 1967, and 2026 m²/g, micropore volume - 0.714, 0.707, and 0.728 cm³/g and it was between 75% and 89% of total pore volume. The excess uptake at 40 atm pressure was as follows: AC1 - 14.02 mmol/g, AC2 - 12.75 mmol/g, and AC3 - 15.79 mmol/g.
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