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EN
Introduction. Posterior circulation aneurysms account for approximately 30% of all intracranial aneurysms, and their rupture often causes aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Because surgical treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms is difficult, endovascular treatment is commonly indicated. However, simple coil embolization is associated with a high rate of recanalization. Our goal was to investigate morphometric aneurysmal features assessed on pre-embolization computed tomography angiography (CTA) as predictors of recanalization in patients with posterior circulation aneurysms. Material and Methods. We retrospectively analyzed data of 24 patients who underwent coil embolization due to rupture of saccular posterior circulation aneurysms. The morphometric features of aneurysms were measured based on pre-embolization 3D-CTA-aneurysm models, and aneurysmal size and volume were measured on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images. The effectiveness of initial endovascular treatment was determined visually with the modified Raymond Roy classification directly after embolization and on follow-up DSAs. Recanalization was diagnosed when, compared to the primary embolization aneurysm appearance, compaction and filling of the aneurysm occurred. Statistical analysis was performed with Statistica 13.1 software. Results. Higher maximal aneurysm height perpendicular to the aneurysmal neck was associated with a greater aneurysm recanalization risk (12.12±5.13mm vs. 7.41±3.97mm, p=0.039), and this relationship remained significant after adjustment for patient’s age, sex and aneurysm localization (OR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.01-1.60, p=0.047). Maximal aneurysm height perpendicular to the aneurysmal neck distinguished well between recanalized and non-recanalized aneurysms (AUC=0.755, 95%CI: 0.521- 0.989, p=0.033). Conclusions. Predictors of aneurysm recanalization can help choose best endovascular treatment strategies, which could reduce complication rates.
PL
Wprowadzenie: Tętniaki umiejscowione na tylnej części koła tętniczego Willisa są częstą przyczyną krwawienia podpajęczynówkowego (ang. aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhag;e - aSAH) i stanowią około 30% wszystkich tętniaków wewnątrzczaszkowych. Ze względu na duże ryzyko operacyjne, chorzy z tętniakami tylnego kręgu są kierowani na leczenie wewnątrznaczyniowe. Embolizacja, czyli upakowanie tętniaka spiralami, jest obarczona dużym ryzykiemą niedogodnością, jaką jakim jest wystąpienie rekanalizacji i powstanie tętniaka nawrotowego. W pracy przeprowadziliśmy analizę parametrów morfometrycznych tętniaków tylnego kręgu w celu znalezienia markera radiologicznego zwiastującego wystąpienia rekanalizacji. Materiał i metody: Analizie retrospektywnej poddano dane kliniczne dwudziestu czterech24 pacjentów z tętniakami tylnego kręgu, którzy leczeni byli na drodze klasycznej embolizacji. Pomiary morfometryczne wykonano na modelach 3D tętniaka otrzymywanych za pomocą przedoperacyjnego badania angio-CT nn. mózgowych. Wielkość i objętość tętniaka mierzono na podstawie obrazów otrzymanych w cyfrowej angiografii subtrakcyjnej. Skuteczność początkowego leczenia endowaskularnego określono wizualnie przy użyciu zmodyfikowanej skali Raymond Roy, po embolizacji i podczas kontrolnej angiografii. Rekanalizację diagnozowano, obserwując wypełnienie tętniaka podczas badania. Analizę statystyczną przeprowadzono stosując oprogramowanie Statistica 13.1 Wyniki: Stwierdzono, że największy wymiar tętniaka prostopadły do jego szyi, był istotnie związany z rekanalizacją (12,12 ± 5,13 mm vs. 7,41 ± 3,97 mm, p = 0,039), i pozostał istotny po uwzględnieniu efektu wieku, płci i lokalizacji tętniaka (OR = 1,26 , 95% CI: 1,01-1,60, p = 0,047). Wykazaliśmy również, że największy wymiar tętniaka prostopadły do jego szyi jest dobrym klasyfikatorem umożliwiającym różnicowanie pomiędzy zrekanalizowanymi a niezrekanalizowanymi tętniakami tylnego kręgu (AUC = 0,755, 95% CI: 0,521-–0,989, p = 0,033).
EN
Introduction. The Pendred syndrome (PS) is an autosomally recessively inherited disease. Its diagnosis requires identifi cation of the classical triad of symptoms, including hypoacusis, thyroid goitre and iodine organifi cation defect in the thyroid, which may lead to thyroid functional disorders of hypothyroidism. SP is accompanied by anatomical anomalies. The objective is the hearing and balance system evaluation and the analysis of the inner ear structure and also the assessment of the function and structure of thyroid gland. Material and methods. For the research four families were qualifi ed, 7 persons with PS, 12 persons altogether. In all the patients the anamnesis in the form of a questionnaire and laryngological examination were performed. It was followed by pure tone, speech and impedance audiometry and brainstem response testing as well. ENG was also conducted. Patients with hearing loss were subjected to magnetic resonance of temporal bone. For the whole group thyroid hormones levels and iodine organifi cation in the thyroid identifi ed in a test with potassium perchlorate were measured and also USG and scyntography were conducted. Results. In audiological examination in 3 cases deafness, in 2 cases profound hypoacusis and in 2 mild hypoacusis were recognised. In the group in 2 patients the hypoacusis was of a mixed type. In radiological assessment the labirynth showed anatomical anomalies in the form of enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct and the endolyphatic sac, yet in 3 patients the anomalies also concerned the structure of cochlear and semicircular canals. Endocrine examination showed hypothyroidism in 5, its subclinical form in 1, diffuse thyroid goitre in 4 and nodular thyroid goiter in 2 cases. Conclusions. A complex clinical evaluation: endocrine and audiological, together with radiological diagnostic imaging, supported by molecular studies of SLC26A4 gene, are the procedures, necessary for complete and accurate diagnosis of PS and EVAS.
PL
Introduction. The Pendred syndrome (PS) is an autosomally recessively inherited disease. Its diagnosis requires identifi cation of the classical triad of symptoms, including hypoacusis, thyroid goitre and iodine organifi cation defect in the thyroid, which may lead to thyroid functional disorders of hypothyroidism. SP is accompanied by anatomical anomalies. The objective is the hearing and balance system evaluation and the analysis of the inner ear structure and also the assessment of the function and structure of thyroid gland. Material and methods. For the research four families were qualifi ed, 7 persons with PS, 12 persons altogether. In all the patients the anamnesis in the form of a questionnaire and laryngological examination were performed. It was followed by pure tone, speech and impedance audiometry and brainstem response testing as well. ENG was also conducted. Patients with hearing loss were subjected to magnetic resonance of temporal bone. For the whole group thyroid hormones levels and iodine organifi cation in the thyroid identifi ed in a test with potassium perchlorate were measured and also USG and scyntography were conducted. Results. In audiological examination in 3 cases deafness, in 2 cases profound hypoacusis and in 2 mild hypoacusis were recognised. In the group in 2 patients the hypoacusis was of a mixed type. In radiological assessment the labirynth showed anatomical anomalies in the form of enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct and the endolyphatic sac, yet in 3 patients the anomalies also concerned the structure of cochlear and semicircular canals. Endocrine examination showed hypothyroidism in 5, its subclinical form in 1, diffuse thyroid goitre in 4 and nodular thyroid goiter in 2 cases. Conclusions. A complex clinical evaluation: endocrine and audiological, together with radiological diagnostic imaging, supported by molecular studies of SLC26A4 gene, are the procedures, necessary for complete and accurate diagnosis of PS and EVAS.
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