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Somatotype is More Interactive with Strength than Fat Mass and Physical Activity in Peripubertal Children

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Marta C., Marinho D., Costa A., Barbosa T., Marques M.

Journal of Human Kinetics

2011

vol. 29A

issue Special Issue

83-91

The purpose of this study was to analyse the interaction between somatotype, body fat and physical activity in prepubescent children. This was a cross-sectional study design involving 312 children (160 girls, 152 boys) aged between 10 and 11.5 years old (10.8 ± 0.4 years old). Evaluation of body composition was done determining body mass index and body fat by means of skin-fold measurements, using the method described by Slaughter. Somatotype was computed according to the Carter's method. Physical activity was assessed with the Baecke questionnaire. The physical activity assessment employed sets of curl-ups, push-ups, standing broad jump, medicine ball throw, handgrip strength and Margaria-Kalamen power stair. There were negative associations for body fat, endomorphy and mesomorphy with curl-ups, push-ups and broad jump tests and positive associations with ball throw, handgrip strength and Margaria-Kalamen power tests. The associations for ectomorphy were the inverse of those for endomorphy and mesomorphy. Non obese children presented higher values for curl-ups, push-ups and standing broad jump. In medicine ball throw, handgrip strength and Margaria-Kalamen power test obese children presented higher scores, followed by children who were overweight. The mesoectomorphic boys and ectomesomorphic girls performed higher in all tests. The morphological typology presented more interactions with strength than % of body fat and physical activity. These data seem to suggest that the presence/absence of certain physical characteristics is crucial in the levels of motor provision in prepubescent children.

Gender’s Effect on a School-Based Intervention in the Prepubertal Growth Spurt

73%

Marta C., Marinho D., Casanova N., Fonseca T., Vila-Chã C., Jorge B., Izquierdo M., Esteves D., Marques M.

Journal of Human Kinetics

2014

vol. 43

issue 1

159-167

Children aged 10-11 years pass through a dynamic developmental period marked by rapid changes in body size, shape, and composition, all of which are sexually dimorphic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of gender on a school-based intervention in the prepubertal growth spurt. One hundred twenty-five healthy children (58 boys, 67 girls), fifth and sixth grade students from an urban public elementary school in Portugal (10.8 ± 0.4 years), were randomly assigned into two experimental groups: a strength training group (19 boys, 22 girls), and an endurance training group (21 boys, 24 girls); and a control group (18 boys, 21 girls; no training program). Training program for the two experimental groups was conducted twice a week for 8 weeks. Compared with the values at the beginning of the protocol, both strength and endurance training programs produced significant improvements (p< 0.05) in vertical and horizontal jumps, a 1 kg and 3 kg medicine ball throw, a 20 m sprint and VO2max, for both boys and girls. No significant changes were observed related to gender in training-induced strength (p> 0.05, ƞ_p^2= 0.16, Power= 0.29) and aerobic (p> 0.05, ƞ_p^2= 0.05, Power= 0.28) capacity. The results of the present study should be taken into consideration in order to optimize strength training school-based programs.

Is Long Term Creatine and Glutamine Supplementation Effective in Enhancing Physical Performance of Military Police Officers?

73%

Lázaro da Silveira C., Paiva de Souza T. S., Batista G. R., Targino de Araújo A., Gomes da Silva J. C., Cirilo de Sousa M. d. S., Marta C., Garrido N. D.

Journal of Human Kinetics

2014

vol. 43

issue 1

131-138

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of supplementation with creatine and glutamine on physical fitness of military police officers. Therefore, an experimental double blind study was developed, with the final sample composed by 32 men randomly distributed into three groups: a group supplemented with creatine (n=10), glutamine (n=10) and a placebo group (n=12) and evaluated in three distinct moments, in an interval of three months (T1, T2 and T3). The physical training had a weekly frequency of 5 sessions x 90 min, including strength exercises, local muscular resistance, flexibility and both aerobic and anaerobic capacity. After analyzing the effect of time, group and interaction (group x time) for measures that indicated the physical capabilities of the subjects, a significant effect of time for the entire variable was identified (p<0,05). However, these differences were not observed when the univaried intragroups and intergroups analysis was performed (p>0,05). In face of the results it was concluded that supplementation with creatine and glutamine showed no ergogenic effect on physical performance in military police officers.

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3 Journal of Human Kinetics

2 2014

1 2011

3 Marta C.

2 Marinho D.

2 Marques M.

1 Barbosa T.

1 Batista G. R.

1 Casanova N.

1 Cirilo de Sousa M. d. S.

1 Costa A.

1 Esteves D.

1 Fonseca T.

1 Garrido N. D.

1 Gomes da Silva J. C.

1 Izquierdo M.

1 Jorge B.

1 Lázaro da Silveira C.

1 Paiva de Souza T. S.

1 Targino de Araújo A.

1 Vila-Chã C.

Search results

Somatotype is More Interactive with Strength than Fat Mass and Physical Activity in Peripubertal Children

Gender’s Effect on a School-Based Intervention in the Prepubertal Growth Spurt

Is Long Term Creatine and Glutamine Supplementation Effective in Enhancing Physical Performance of Military Police Officers?