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EN
Amorphous materials contain structural defects, which play a key role in the magnetization process within the condition known as the "approach to ferromagnetic saturation". This paper presents the results of magnetization studies, carried out on bulk Fe₆₁Co₁₀Ti₃Y₆B₂₀ alloy when under the influence of a strong magnetic field. The alloy samples were obtained in the form of a rod 1 mm in diameter, and tested in the as-quenched state and after an isothermal annealing process, at a temperature below the crystallization temperature. It was observed that the heat treatment, carried out below crystallization temperature Tₓ, leads to irreversible structural relaxations, specifically reorganizing the atomic configuration within the volume of the alloy into an amorphous structure.
EN
The aim of this paper was to conduct studies concerning the magnetization of bulk amorphous (Fe_{0.61}Co_{0.10}Zr_{0.025}Hf_{0.025}Ti_{0.02}W_{0.02}B_{0.20})_{97}Y_{3} alloy when subjected to strong magnetic fields: the specific focus of the paper is the area known as the approach to ferromagnetic saturation. The investigated alloy samples were produced using the suction-casting method, resulting in plates of dimensions 10 mm × 5 mm × 0.5 mm and rods of length 20 mm and diameter 1 mm. The structure was studied using X-ray diffractometry. It was found that investigated samples were amorphous in the as-cast state. The magnetization was measured in a strong magnetic field using a vibrating sample magnetometer. On the basis of the obtained results, the type of structural defects having influence on magnetization in high magnetic fields were determined for the bulk metallic glasses manufactured with different cooling rates.
EN
This paper presents the results of an investigation into the: microstructure, magnetic properties and influence of annealing temperature on the magnetocaloric effect of Fe₈₂Zr₇Nb₂Cu₁B₈ alloy in the as-quenched and partially crystalline state. The microstructure was investigated using Mössbauer spectroscopy. The magnetocaloric effect was observed as a change in the magnetic entropy, which was calculated from isothermal magnetization curves. Fully-amorphous Fe₈₂Zr₇Nb₂Cu₁B₈ alloys, in the as-quenched state, exhibit a Curie temperature equal to (340±5) K. The transmission Mössbauer spectrum for the as-quenched Fe₈₂Zr₇Nb₂Cu₁B₈ alloy is typical for weak ferromagnets with the average hyperfine field of 9.86(2) T. For this alloy in the as-quenched state, the changes in maximum magnetic entropy occur near the Curie points and are equal to 0.95 J/(kg K). Also, the maximum magnetic entropy changes decrease after partial crystallization.
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vol. 126
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issue 4
957-959
EN
The study analyzed the influence of structural defects on the process of magnetization in the area called the approach to ferromagnetic saturation for bulk Fe_{60}Co_{10}W_xNb_2Y_{8}B_{20-x} (x=0, 1) alloys. For this purpose, the magnetization studies were performed in the fields range of 0 T to 2 T using a LakeShore vibrating magnetometer. On the basis of the Kronmüller theory an analysis of the magnetization curves was conducted and the type of occurring structural defects in the studied alloys was established. Then, using a Monte Carlo method the effective anisotropy of the tested samples was designated.
EN
This paper features investigations into the influence of small additions of alloying elements on: structure, as well as the temporal and thermal stability of magnetic properties, and the disaccommodation effect, for the following amorphous alloys: Fe₆₁Co₁₀Y₈Me₁B₂₀ (where Me = Nb, W). The structure of the investigated samples has been confirmed by the Mössbauer spectroscopy. The obtained results indicate a strong correlation between the structure and the disaccommodation of the studied alloys. The Mössbauer studies reveal different configurations of atoms in the amorphous alloy samples, and the results indicate various potential barriers between orientations of atom pairs. For this reason, to describe the disaccommodation effect, the distribution of activation energy should be taken into account. The distribution of activation energy has been related to the distribution of relaxation times.
EN
In this paper, the results of structural and magnetic investigations are presented for the following amorphous alloys: FeMeMoCrNbB (where Me = Ni or Co). The structural investigations were performed using X-ray diffractometry. It was found that the investigated samples were amorphous in the as-cast state. The magnetisation was measured within magnetic fields ranging from 0 to 1 T using a vibrating sample magnetometer. Investigation of the "magnetisation in the area close to ferromagnetic saturation" showed that the magnetisation process in strong magnetic fields is connected with the rotation of magnetic moments in the vicinity of defects, which are the sources of short-range stresses. Analysis of the high-field magnetization curves facilitated the calculation of the spin-wave stiffness parameter.
EN
In order to obtain an alloy with a specific set of magnetic properties, the dominant influences of chemical component and thermal treatment selection need to be satisfied. In this paper, the results of investigations into the microstructure and magnetic properties of the following alloys are presented: amorphous Fe₈₂Zr₇Nb₂Cu₁B₈ and crystalline Fe₈₂Zr₆Y₁Nb₂Cu₁B₈. The structure and microstructure were examined using the Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The Fe₈₂Zr₇Nb₂Cu₁B₈alloy was found to be fully amorphous in the as-quenched state and the transmission Mössbauer spectrum for this alloy is typical of that for weak ferromagnets, with an average hyperfine field of 9.86(2) T. The shape of this spectrum was found to have changed noticeably in the case of the Fe₈₂Zr₆Y₁Nb₂Cu₁B₈ alloy. This change was attributed to the presence of the crystalline phase bcc-Fe.
EN
This paper presents studies of the bulk amorphous alloys: Fe₆₀Co₁₀Mo₂Y₈B₂₀ and Fe₆₀Co₁₀Mo₂W₁Y₈B₁₉; Both compounds were obtained by means of the injection-casting method in which liquid alloy is forced under pressure into a copper mould. The structure of the samples was studied using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Based on the results of the X-ray diffraction studies, it was found that the samples were in the amorphous state. Scanning electron microscopy image analysis of fractured alloy samples indicated the presence of areas of varying degrees of relaxation: "smooth", "vein", and "flake" fractures. The manufactured ferromagnetic samples were characterized by so-called soft magnetic properties with a relatively high Curie temperature of more than 520 K. In the investigated samples, the saturation magnetization was found to have been decreased from 1.14 T to 1.13 T after the addition of W. Tungsten also contributed significantly to an increase in the value of the coercive field, from 27 A/m to 8685 A/m. Following the addition of just 1% of W to the alloy, a substantial change was observed in the form: of the static magnetic hysteresis loop: characterized by the so-called "wasp" shape. This result shows that an additional magnetically hard phase had appeared within the sample.
EN
Possibility of decomposing the static hysteresis loop is demonstrated. The applied method is related with decomposition of experimentally obtained reversal magnetization curve on the reversible and irreversible components. Results are applicable in analysis of reversal magnetization processes in hard magnetic materials and for simulation of hysteresis loop using hyperbolic T(x) model.
EN
The paper presents studies of time and thermal stability of magnetic properties in Fe_{61}Co_{10}Y_{8}Nb_{1}B_{20} bulk amorphous alloys. The investigated sample was prepared by suction-casting method in the form of plate. The structure was studied using X-ray diffractometry. It was found that alloy was amorphous in the as-cast state. The magnetic properties were determined using completely automated set up for measurement of susceptibility and its disaccommodation. The disaccommodation curve was decomposed into three elementary processes, each of them was described by Gaussian distribution of relaxation times. From fit of theoretical curve the peak temperature, intensity at peak temperature, average activation energies, distribution parameter and pre-exponential factor of the Arrhenius law were determined. The obtained results indicate that the disaccommodation phenomenon in studied samples is related with directional ordering of atom pairs near the free volumes.
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