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EN
Bragg grating reflectors placed along microcavity facets can improve the efficiency of a polymer dye laser built with such a microcavity. The impact of different reflector designs on the mode pattern and resonance frequencies of the microcavity is numerically simulated and analyzed. This rigorous physical model is based on solving the Maxwell equations and includes such material properties as absorption, dispersion, fluorescence and optical gain. In certain cases, an asymmetrical layout of the reflectors can be more preferable than the pair of reflectors located on opposite sides of the microcavity as it is implemented for typical design.
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2016
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vol. 63
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issue 2
273-279
EN
A novel laccase was purified from the white rot fungus, Hohenbuehelia serotina, to investigate the applications of this laccase in the decoloration of various dyes. SDS-PAGE revealed a single band of this laccase corresponding to a molecular weight of approximately 57.8 kDa. The enzyme showed activity towards several substrates, the most sensitive of which was 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS). The highest enzymatic activity using ABTS as a substrate was observed at pH 6.8 and 30°C. The enzyme activity was found to be significantly enhanced in the presence of Zn2+ ions and inhibited by Fe2+ ions. Moreover, SDS and β-mercaptoethanol were inhibitory, and inhibition by L-cysteine was observed while EDTA and DMSO had almost no inhibitory effect. The laccase could effectively decolorize seven different dyes within 30 minutes at 40°C.
EN
The improved one-pot synthesis of dimethyl carbonate and propylene glycol from propylene oxide, supercritical carbon dioxide, and methanol with potassium bicarbonate as the catalyst has been reported in this paper. As far as we know, it is the first time to use potassium bicarbonate only as the catalyst in the production process which is simple and cheap. Satisfactory conversion rate of propylene oxide and yield of the products could be achieved at the optimized conditions with quite a small amount of by-products. Our new method offers an attractive choice for the production of dimethyl carbonate in large-scale industry efficiently and environmental friendly.
EN
Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials has provided a new technical tool to improve lignocellulosic ethanol production. To evaluate the influence of the residual IL in the fermentable sugars from enzymatic hydrolysis of IL pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials on the subsequent ethanol fermentation, the toxicity of the IL 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) to Saccharomyces cerevisiae AY93161 was investigated. Firstly, the morphological structure, budding and metabolic activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae AY93161 at different [BMIM]Cl concentrations were observed under an optical microscope. The results show that its single cell morphology remained unchanged at all [BMIM]Cl concentrations, but its reproduction rate by budding and its metabolic activity decreased with the [BMIM]Cl concentration increasing. The half effective concentration (EC50) and the half inhibition concentration (IC50) of [BMIM]Cl to Saccharomyces cerevisiae AY93161 were then measured using solid and liquid suspension culture and their value were 0.53 and 0.39 g.L-1 respectively. Finally, the influence of [BMIM]Cl on ethanol production was investigated. The results indicate that the [BMIM]Cl inhibited the growth and ethanol production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae AY93161. This toxicity study provides useful basic data for further development in lignocellulosic ethanol production by using IL technology and it also enriches the IL toxicity data.
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