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Kosmos
|
2009
|
vol. 58
|
issue 1-2
67-77
EN
Control of eukaryotic transcription involves combinatorial interactions between transcription factors and regulatory sequences in the genome. In addition, chromatin structure and modification states play key roles in the complex control of transcription. The maturation of methods for detecting in vivo protein-DNA interactions on a genome-wide scale, detailed maps of chromatin features and transcription factor localization over entire genomes of eukaryotic cells increases our understanding of the properties and nature of transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. The knowledge gained from large-scale investigations has challenged some conventional concepts of promoter structure and function, and provided valuable insights into the complex gene regulatory mechanisms. Here, we review recent experimental and computational advances that have enabled identification and analysis of regulatory regions on an unprecedented scale, allowing for systematic determination of the transcriptional regulatory networks in eukaryotic cells. Analysis of high-throughput gene expression data together with genomic sequence(s) holds promise of revealing features of cis-regulatory sequences responsible for co-regulation of many genes. This general approach has proved successful in simpler organisms, and recent studies in Metazoa reported features over-represented in groups of genes with particular expression patterns revealing gene regulatory mechanisms.
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