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1
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Educational programme of Early Breast Cancer Detection in 40-year-old female inhabitants from Cracow, as an element of a preventive treatment of complications requiring oncological rehabilitation

100%
Łabuzek M., Kołodziejski L. S.
Medical Rehabilitation
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2014
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vol. 18(1)
5-14
EN
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour among women in Poland, with a dynamically increasing incidence rate. At present, one-half of breast cancer cases are diagnosed at the stage of high locoregional advancement, which leads to common radical mastectomies. These procedures are the cause of the most serious complications, i.e. restricted mobility of the glenohumeral joint and lymphoedema of the upper limb, which usually require rehabilitation.Objective: An evaluation of the attendance and effectiveness of detecting suspicious breast lesions in 40-year-old female inhabitants of Kraków who were personally invited to take part in the Educational Programme of Early Breast Cancer Detection (EPEBCD). This study assumes that increasing the level of oncological education amongst women should result in high attendance in screening, which would lead to detection of breast cancer at earlier stages. In these cases, effective methods of breast-conserving therapy are used, which carry a minimal risk of complications that require rehabilitation.Material and methods: The subject of the analysis was a group of 19,773 female inhabitants of Kraków who took part in the EPEBCD between 2003 and 2008. The group consisted of 4723 women aged 40 years who were personally invited to take part in the Programme, and 15,010 other women who volunteered for the research. The percentage of suspicious lesions discovered in physical and mammographic examinations in both groups was analysed. In the statistical analysis, the stratum weight was examined, using a two-tailed test and the STATISTICA 6.0 program. The significance level α < 0.05 was assumed.Results: The attendance rate of 40-year old women who were sent personal invitations was similar in each year (2003 to 2008) and, on average, accounted for 24.4%, which was half of the assumed attendance. It demonstrates that the level of oncological education among young women is low. Breast cancer awareness increased with age and resulted in voluntary participation of older women in screening programmes. The percentage of suspicious changes detected by a physical examination among the 40-year-old women invited personally (Group 1; 0.49%) did not differ significantly from the “before screening” group (Group 2, aged 41 to 49; 0.47%) and even from the “screening” group (Group 3, aged 50 to 69; 0.45%). Only in the “after screening” group of the oldest women (Group 4, over 69), the percentage (1.57%) was significantly higher (p < 0.001). The percentage of suspicious changes detected by mammography did not differ significantly in the group of 40-year-old women (Group 1; 3.58%) and in the “before screening” group (Group 2; 4.11%; Groups 1 and 2, p > 0.05). Significant differences were only found in the “before screening” Group 2 and “after screening” Group 4 (p < 0.001). The percentage of suspicious changes identified by mammography did indeed increase with age, though this was only a marginal increase, at the level of tenths of a percent. Only in the oldest group (Group 4), this percentage (5.16%) was significantly higher than in the other research groups.Conclusions: The much higher percentage of suspicious breast lesions discovered by mammography in comparison with those discovered in a physical examination demonstrates a low level of breast cancer advancement in most cases, which can be treated by means of breast-conserving therapy. Dissemination of educational and screening programmes will help to increase the percentage of early detected breast cancer cases which, after breast-conserving therapy, will not constitute a risk of serious complications requiring rehabilitation.
2
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Psychological aspects of the quality of life of patients in long-term inpatient care

81%
Augustyn E., Grochowska A., Łabuzek M., Mika M.
Long-Term Care Nursing
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2020
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vol. 5
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issue 3
175-190
EN
Aim The objective of the study was to assess psychological aspects of the quality of life of patients in long-term stationary care. Material and methods The research was carried out from December 2018 to February 2019. The study was conducted among 92 patients of the Nursing and Care Institution. The research method was a diagnostic survey, while the research technique was a survey. The research tools were the author's questionnaire and the Beck’s Depression Scale. The results obtained from the questionnaires were subjected to statistical analysis. The differences between the variables were verified using the chi-square independence test and the Kruskal-Wallis test, assuming a significance level of p<0.05. Results The occurrence of depression in the respondents was assessed using the Beck Depression Scale. Lack of depression was found in 40.2% of the respondents, mild depression in 45.7% and moderate depression in 14.1%. Analysis of the research showed that the marital status of the respondents significantly affected their incidence of depression. It was found that moderate depression was 38.4% more common (p=0.0409). The most numerous group of respondents were respondents, who often experienced anxiety (80.4%) and irritability (56.5%). The most common situations causing irritability and anxiety in subjects is lack of independence (53.3%), which has a significant impact on the feeling of loneliness among the subjects. Conclusions The most common situations causing irritability and anxiety in subjects result from a lack of independence, which affects their sense of loneliness. Subjects who did not spend time among other patients more often felt helpless and confused.
3
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Quality of life of patients after total and subtotal thyroidectomy

71%
Król A., Grochowska A., Bodys-Cupak I., Łabuzek M., Kołpa M.
Health Promotion & Physical Activity
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2020
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vol. 12
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issue 3
29-39
PL
Wprowadzenie: Choroby tarczycy, zwłaszcza te, które wymagają leczenia operacyjnego są niezwykle silnym bodźcem emocjonalnym dla chorego. Wywołują one nie tylko dolegliwości lękowe, ale także w przypadku powikłań (zwłaszcza tych długotrwałych) mogą generować nawet zaburzenia depresyjne, bądź w znaczący sposób wpływać na samoocenę pacjenta, a tym samym jego funkcjonowanie na płaszczyźnie społecznej. Cel pracy: Celem pracy było zbadanie jakości życia pacjentów, którzy poddani byli zabiegowi strumektomii tak totalnej jak i subtotalnej. Materiał i metody: Badanie przeprowadzono w grupie 102 pacjentów poddanych operacji w Oddziale Chirurgii Ogólnej Szpitala im. Św. Łukasza w Tarnowie w okresie od grudnia 2018 roku do kwietnia 2019 roku, a także mieszkańców Małopolski, którzy mieli wykonaną tyreodektomię. W badaniach wykorzystano kwestionariusz ThyPROpl, skalę VAS, a także ankietę autorską. Wyniki: Najczęstszymi powikłaniami strumektomii były mrowienie i drętwienie wokół ust oraz kończynach (42,2%). Pacjenci, u których występowały objawy tężyczki posiadali obniżoną percepcję jakości życia i zdrowia, a także jakość życia we wszystkich jego dziedzinach. Ponadto ankietowani posiadali zdegradowaną obniżoną jakość życia w zakresie negatywnego wpływu choroby na życie (62,01) oraz zmęczenia (56,23). Im większe było natężenie bólu, tym niższa była jakość życia pacjentów po strumektomii. Wnioski: Istnieje związek pomiędzy jakością życia badanych po strumektomii a liczbą powikłań, stopniem nasilenia dolegliwości bólowych. Zależność ta jest wprost proporcjonalna.
EN
Introduction: Thyroid diseases, especially those that require surgical treatment, are an extremely strong emotional stimulus for the patient. They evoke not only anxiety disorders, but also in the case of complications (especially those long-lasting) can even generate depressive disorders, or significantly affect the patient’s self-esteem, and thus its functioning at the social level. Aim of the study: The objective of the study was to examine the quality of life of patients who underwent surgical treatment of total and subtotal thyroidectomy. Material and methods: The study was conducted in a group of 102 patients undergoing surgery at the General Surgery Ward of the Hospital. St. Łukasz in Tarnów in the period from December 2018 to April 2019, as well as residents of Małopolska, who had performed thyroidectomy. In research have been used ThyPROpl, VAS Scale, and self-prepared questionnaires. Results: The most common complications of thyroidectomy were tingling and numbness around the mouth and limbs (42.2%). Patients who had symptoms of tetany had a reduced perception of quality of life and health, as well as the quality of life in all its areas. The respondents had a degraded, reduced quality of life in terms of the negative impact of the disease on life (62.01) and fatigue (56.23). The greater the intensity of pain, the lower the quality of life of patients after thyroidectomy. Conclusions: There is the relationship between the quality of life and the number of complications, as well as the severity of pain. This dependence is directly proportional.
4
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Comparison of the quality of life of geriatric patients staying in care and greatment institutions with elderly people living with their families or alone

71%
Kuś J., Grochowska A., Kołpa M., Łabuzek M., Kubik B.
Long-Term Care Nursing
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2020
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vol. 5
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issue 2
87-103
EN
Aim Ageing is a natural and unavoidable phenomenon of a global nature. With age, the phenomenon of multiple disease and occurrence of various disabilities increases. Without a doubt, it is one of numerous factors influencing the quality of life, which is a highly complex term. Comparison of the quality of life of geriatric patients staying in care and treatment institutions with elderly people living with their families or alone was the aim of the study. Material and methods The study was conducted in a group of 102 persons for the period of three months. For the purpose of the study the following tools were used: WHOQOL-BREF scale, Katz scale, Norton scale and Geriatric Depression Scale. Verification of the differences between the variables was performed with the χ2 independence test and with Mann-Whitney test. Significance level of p<0.05 was assumed. Results Persons remaining in institution (47.1%) and living in a house/apartment (49.9%) rated their quality of life at a similar level. Among the persons remaining in the long-term care institution, these were more commonly the individuals with considerable level of disability (60.4%). Persons with moderate disability (42.6%) and fully fit (44.4%) more frequently live with a family or alone. In CTI patients, a higher risk of pressure ulcers occurred and it was 64.6%. The occurrence of depression among seniors is not significantly influenced by the method and location of their residence. Conclusions The quality of life of persons remaining in long-term care facilities is very similar to the quality of life of seniors who reside with family or alone.
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