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The Evaluation of Critical Swimming Speed in 12-Year-Old Boys

100%

Zarzeczny R., Kuberski M., Deska A., Zarzeczna D., Rydz K.

Human Movement

2013

vol. 14

issue 1

35-40

Purpose. It has been suggested that the critical swimming speed (CSS ) of young swimmers may be estimated by using two timed maximum exertion efforts at distances of 50 and 400 m. The aim of this study was to find out if the estimated CSS for a group of boy swimmers corresponds to the results obtained from a 12-min swim test and to examine if there was a difference whether these tests were completed using different swimming strokes. Methods. The study was carried out on 24 boys (age 12.2 ± 0.1 y, height 158.0 ± 1.8 cm, weight 47.7 ± 2.2 kg), all of whom were competing at the regional level. The participants were timed completing the 50 and 400 m distances at maximal effort, while the 12-min test was assessed by the total distance swum, all three trials performed in the front crawl and breaststroke. Results. The results found a close relationship between CSS determined by the 50 and 400 m distances and the distance covered during the 12-min test for both strokes (breaststroke r = 0.79, p = 0.0000; front crawl r = 0.83, p = 0.0000). There were no significant differences between CSS and the mean velocity of the 12-min swim test with swum in the front crawl (0.862 ± 0.027 m · s-1 and 0.851 ± 0.027 m · s-1, respectively); however, CSS was significantly higher (p = 0.002) than the mean velocity found in the 12-min test in the breaststroke (0.769 ± 0.018 m · s-1 and 0.727 ± 0.022 m · s-1, respectively). Conclusions. CSS estimated on the basis of the front crawl but not breaststroke is a good predictor of the average velocity of the 12-min swim test for young male swimmers.

Effects of 8-week training on aerobic capacity and swimming performance of boys aged 12 years

73%

Zarzeczny R., Kuberski M., Deska A., Zarzeczna D., Rydz K., Lewandowska A., Bałchanowski T., Bosiacki J.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

2011

vol. 3

49-52

Study aim: To assess the effects of 8-week endurance training in swimming on work capacity of boys aged 12 years.Material and methods: The following groups of schoolboys aged 12 years were studied: untrained control (UC; n = 14) and those training swimming for two years. The latter ones were subjected to 8-week training in classical style (CS; n = 10) or free style (FS; n = 13). In all boys maximal oxygen uptake (O2max) was determined, and the CS and FS groups were subjected to 6 tests: swimming at 50 and 400 m distances (time recorded) and to 12-min swimming (distance recorded), all by free and classical styles pre- and post-training. From swimming times at 50 and 400 m distances the so-called critical swimming speed (CSS) was computed: CSS = (400 - 50) / (t400 - t50).Results: No training-induced improvement in O2max was noted in any group. Yet, boys subjected to classical style training significantly (p<0.05) improved their free-style swimming velocity at CSS and at the 400-m distance by about 6%, and their heart rate following the 12-min test in classical style decreased by nearly 16% (p<0.001) compared with the pre-training values.Conclusions: The 8-week training in given swimming style does not negatively affect the performance in other style than the trained one. This may be of importance in competitive training.

The correlation between selected anthropometric indices and BIA - based body fat measures in nursing home women aged 80+ years

73%

Zarzeczny R., Nawrat - Szołtysik A., Polak A., Maliszewski J., Kiełtyka A., Matyja B., Dudek M., Zborowska J., Wajdman A.

The aims of the study were to assess whether commonly used anthropometric indices are associated with body fat measures obtained by Bioel ectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method, and to determine the best anthropometric predictor of BIA - based body fat percentage (%Fat) and visceral fat rating (VFR) in elderly women. The sample consisted of 24 women aged 80 years and older, the residents of long - term care facilities in Upper Silesia (Poland). All women were subjected to standard anthropometric measurements including the following variables: body weight, body height, waist circumference, hip circumference and neck circumference. On the basis o f these measures Body Mass Index (BMI) as well as waist - to - hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. The subjects’ %Fat and VFR were determined by body composition analyzer TANITA BC 420MA (Japan). Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to quantify the relati onships between variables. Stepwise multiple regression analysis with backward elimination was performed to identify possible predictors. The basic characteristics of the investigated subjects were as follows (mean±SD): age - 85.5±3.7 years; body weight - 60.4±11.6 kg; body height - 150.6±7.6 cm; BMI - 26.6±4.6 kg/m 2 ; %Fat - 31.3±9.6%; VFR - 10.7±2.5. Both of BIA - based measures significantly, positively correlated with body weight, BMI and circumferences of waist, hip and neck (r values from 0.477 to 0.835) . The multiple regression analysis for %Fat revealed that the body weight was the only variable statistically significant (r 2 =0.414; p<0.001; SEE =7.503%), and for VFR the significant β coefficients were obtained for BMI and neck circumference ( 0.625±0.133 and 0.341±0.133, respectively) ( r 2 =0.754; p<0.001; SEE =1.313). Among popular anthropometric indices of body composition in the oldest old group o f women, body weight seems to be the best predictor of body fat percentage, and VFR could be predicted by BMI along with a neck circumference.

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1 Biomedical Human Kinetics

1 Human Movement

1 Physical Activity Review

1 2016

1 2013

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3 Zarzeczny R.

2 Deska A.

2 Kuberski M.

2 Rydz K.

2 Zarzeczna D.

1 Bałchanowski T.

1 Bosiacki J.

1 Dudek M.

1 Kiełtyka A.

1 Lewandowska A.

1 Maliszewski J.

1 Matyja B.

1 Nawrat - Szołtysik A.

1 Polak A.

1 Wajdman A.

1 Zborowska J.

Search results

The Evaluation of Critical Swimming Speed in 12-Year-Old Boys

Effects of 8-week training on aerobic capacity and swimming performance of boys aged 12 years

The correlation between selected anthropometric indices and BIA - based body fat measures in nursing home women aged 80+ years