Full-text resources of PSJD and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Preferences help
Polish version English version Language
enabled [disable] Abstract
Number of results

Results found: 3

Number of results on page
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Content available remote

Truth in Sport

100%
Michaluk T.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2009
|
vol. 46
|
issue 1
50-57
EN
The classical definition of truth, as the correspondence of something we can call facts and our image of them, applies to discussing those sports where a result is established by simple and unequivocal evaluation, based on sensory perceptions. In the most popular athletic contests, we do not perceive who wins, but we know the result of a measurement, which is later interpreted as the victory or taking a further place. The reading of a measuring device only represents the result, which does not mean that it really is the result. We do not know the real result; by reading the digits on the screen, we already read a sign. Subsequently, it can be interpreted as the sign of victory. We assume that by improving our measuring methods we approach the true representation of the results. It would be, however, naive, to claim that this process will lead to the measurement ceasing to represent and starting to be the represented object, unmediated through any signs. Therefore, apart from the classical conception of truth, we can define truth in sport semiotically as representation, and subsequently interpretation, of a sporting event, performed by the referees and spectators. In this definition truth is sanctioned by the referee's decision, not necessarily based on facts.Some professional sports can be compared to science. A scientific experiment must observe strictly defined conditions and take into account factors valid for its course and results. The conditions of a "sporting experiment" are strictly defined and their correctness is guarded by men and machines. In science, the discovery of a falsehood disqualifies a given "scientific event"; in sport a mistake or breaking the rules can become a controversial decision or a refereeing mistake, and usually are not changed or reviewed, turning into the "truth of sport".
2
Content available remote

Sport osób niepełnosprawnych w semiotyczno-filozoficznej perspektywie badawczej / Sport of the disabled in the semiotic and philosophical research perspective

100%
Michaluk T.
|
2011
|
vol. 19
|
issue 1
41-48
EN
This article is an attempt at preliminary delineation of mechanisms of functioning of sport of the disabled in terms of modern culture. The adopted research method is founded on C.S. Peirce’s semeiotics, and especially on triadic and relational concept of sign, thanks to which it is possible to grasp efficiently the continuity (synechism) of interpretative processes, or semioses. Any kind of sport, especially professional one, is available through sporting events (a championship, the Olympic Games), the meaning of which determines their attraction for participants of culture. Sport provides binding signs for relationships of any other “values” transferred within the culture (a global one at present). Signs that utilize sports are attractive in reception and habitually interpreted. Broadly understood, sport is a carrier of positive axiological values; it represents patriotism, honour, pride, success, noble competition, physical activity, sexual attractiveness and provides hedonistic entertainment as well. Sports undertaken by the disabled generate a number of semioses less diversified and more demanding as far as an interpretative competence is concerned than traditional sports. Sport of the disabled functions in cultural semioses on a smaller scale and attracting less attention of the media than traditionally popular sports (e.g. football). Nowadays the media do not undertake the burden of shaping the recipient’s semiotic interpretative mechanisms, as it is much easier to promote the simplest schemes, commercially grounded over the years (competitor-product-success). Additionally, the axiologization of sport in the media results in the fact that even a medal-winning success e.g. during the Paralympic Games does not influence significantly the broader functioning of sport of the disabled within our culture. The above described phenomenon refers also to some traditional sports (e.g. air sports).
3
Content available remote

The Freedom of the Body in the Semiotics and Philosophy of Sport

100%
Michaluk T.
Human Movement
|
2011
|
vol. 12
|
issue 4
378-384
EN
Purpose. The aim of this paper is to define the meaning of sports world records, which to attain require long years of strenuous training, within the sphere of humanistic and cultural values. The differences between newly placed records and previous scores are usually centimetres or hundredths of a second, which hardly contribute to the spectacularity of a competition. Is therefore setting a record more meaningful as a cultural, not a sports, goal? Methods. A semiotic-pragmatic method was used in this research. The method was founded on C.S. Peirce's semeiotics, which is a sign theory based on the triadic, relational concept of signs. Every sporting event, every individual achievement of an athlete is a sign, which acquires meaning due to its interpretation and being part of the so-called process of semiosis. Results. The popularity and cultural meaning of particular sports does not result from the immanent features of a sporting competition, such as its aesthetic merits or the dynamics of the game. The differences in times of the best runners in a prestigious 100 metre race are unperceivable to the human eye. The attraction stems from cultural factors, which are meaningful in the sphere of values of a given culture. One of such values in which sport relates to it is freedom. Conclusions. Striving for records, even at the cost of one's health, has (for the sports described in the article as contesting) a motivation in the cultural (philosophical) meaning of overcoming the limits of the human body's physical abilities. Every record set means that those limits have not yet been reached and therefore are still unknown. This spiritual freedom is accompanied by the equally vital, as confirmed by records, sense of physical unlimitedness.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.