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1
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Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity in vitro of chamomile flowers, coneflower herbs, peppermint leaves and thyme herbs – a preliminary report

100%
Malm A., Glowniak-Lipa A., Korona-Glowniak I., Baj T.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
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2015
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vol. 28
|
issue 1
30-32
EN
Recently, several studies have been undertaken so as to develop more effective therapeutic approaches towards eradicating Helicobacter pylori. Among these is phytotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the activity in vitro of the plant extracts obtained from common herbs cultivated in the Lubelszczyzna region against the reference strain H. pylori ATCC 43504. Among these are thyme herbs, chamomile flowers, peppermint leaves and coneflower herbs. Herein, it was found that the MIC values of the assayed extracts were as follows: the extracts from coneflower herbs showed anti-H. pylori activity with MIC = 31.3-125 μg/ml; the extracts from chamomile flowers demonstrated MIC = 31.3-62.5 μg/ ml; the extracts from peppermint leaves had MIC = 15.6-250 μg/ml; and the extracts from thyme herbs revealed MIC = 15.6-62.5 μg/ml, depending on the solvent used. The most active were the extracts obtained with ethyl acetate or ethanol alcohol absolute 99.8%. These showing MIC within the range of 15.6-62.5 μg/ml, while the lowest activity was observed in case of the extract obtained with 70% aqueous ethanol. This last showing MIC within the range of 62.5-250 μg/ml. The MIC values of essential oil components were 15.6 μg/ml for bisabolol and menthol or 31.3 μg/ml for thymol. The obtained data indicate that the assayed herbs possessed promising anti-H. pylori bioactivity.
2
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A preliminary report on the susceptibility to aminoglycosides of Escherichia coli isolated from the community-acquired urinary tract infections in adults in south-east Poland

100%
Fidecka-Skwarzynska M., Juda M., Maziarczyk L., Malm A.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
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2015
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vol. 28
|
issue 1
27-29
EN
World-wide, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an important clinical problem. In such, the most frequently isolated uropathogen is Escherichia coli. In the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs, e.g. cystitis, the widely used antibiotics are nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin trometamol or ciprofloxacin, while the treatment of pyelonephritis requires the usage of antibiotics with a broader spectrum of activity, such as cephalosporins of the 3rd and 4th generation, aminoglycosides or even carbapenems. The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility to aminoglycosides (such as amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin) of E. coli isolated from UTIs in adult community patients living in Lubelszczyzna. We found that all of the 86 strains of E. coli encountered were susceptible to amikacin. Moreover, the prevalence of susceptibility to tobramycin, gentamicin or netilmicin among the tested strains was found to be 89,5%, 90,7% or 94,2%, respectively. The data obtained in the present study shows the high susceptibility to aminoglycosides of E. coli isolated from the community-acquired UTIS in adults. These data, together with that derived from current literature, indicate that aminoglycosides, when employed in combination therapy with other antibiotics, may still be very useful group of antibacterial agents in the treatment of UTI’s in Poland.
3
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The activity of micafungin against clinical isolates of non-albicans Candida spp.

100%
Biernasiuk A., Dobiecka E., Zdzienicka G., Malm A.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
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2015
|
vol. 28
|
issue 1
13-16
EN
Infections caused by non-albicans Candida spp. are an important medical problem in people from risk groups, e.g. hematooncological patients. The aim of this paper was to analyse the in vitro activity of micafungin against 30 clinical isolates of non-albicans Candida spp. (C. glabrata, C. famata, C. tropicalis, C. inconspicua, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei) by way of the E-test procedure, allowing determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Data presented in this paper indicate that most of the studied clinical isolates - 27 (90%) showed sensitivity to micafungin, with MIC values ranging from 0.004 to 2 mg/l, while 3 (10%) isolates, including 2 isolates of C. tropicalis and 1 isolate of C. famata, were resistant to micafungin, with MIC values > 32 mg/l. The MIC50 and MIC90 values of micafungin, defined as MIC inhibited growth of 50% or 90% of the isolates studied, were 0.008 mg/l or 2 mg/l, respectively. In the case of C. glabrata isolates, MICs ranged from 0.004 to 0.016 mg/l, while MIC50 was 0.004 mg/l and MIC90 - 0.008 mg/l. Our data confirm the utility of micafungin for the therapy of the infections caused by non-albicans Candida spp., especially C. glabrata.
4
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Antifungal drugs resistance profiles of C. albicans strains isolated from the oral cavity of children and adolescents

100%
Kamińska A., Malm A., Szymańska J.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
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2019
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vol. 76
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issue 5
873-876
EN
Fungi, mainly yeast-like fungi of the Candida genus, and especially the species Candida albicans, occupy an important place among microorganisms that colonize the oral cavity. The aim of the paper was to assess the susceptibility of different strains to some antifungal drugs. The study material consisted of swab samples taken from the buccal mucosa of 376 healthy individuals of both genders, from neonate to18 years. C. albicans strains were isolated in 79 persons. To evaluate drug resistance phenotypes of the isolated C. albicans strains FungitestTM (Bio-Rad) was used. The study showed that in different age groups the percentage of the tested C. albicans isolates susceptible to all the tested azole drugs varied from 76% to 95%. Drug resistant strains were found only in the eldest age group (4.8%). Phenotypic diversity (drug resistance types) of the studied isolates indicates a wide range of adaptation possibilities enabling colonization of various ecological niches in the oral cavity ecosystem. The presence of C. albicans strains intermediate or resistant to azole drugs among the tested isolates may be due to overuse of that drug group in general therapy and in the oral cavity treatment.
5
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Differentiation by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) of Candida albicans isolated from upper respiratory tract in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

100%
Biernasiuk A., Korona-Głowniak I., Grzegorczyk A., Malm A.
|
2014
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vol. 61
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issue 4
727-729
EN
Cancer patients are predisposed to fungal infections caused by Candida albicans, especially to oral or respiratory tract candidiasis. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic diversity by RAPD-PCR (random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction) of C. albicans isolated from upper respiratory tract of 100 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Among 52 strains, 34 genotypes were defined. 10 clusters comprising 28 (53.85%) isolates with similarity coefficient ≥ 80% were formed. The remaining 24 (46.15%) isolates represented individual genotypes. The RAPD-PCR technique revealed genomic variability within C. albicans isolated from upper respiratory tract of the cancer patients.
6
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Effect of Cd^2+ on ATP synthesis coupled to electron transfer in cadmium-resistant and -sensitive Staphylococcus aures

100%
Tynecka Z., Malm A., Zając J.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1990
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vol. 37
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issue 1
121-124
7
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The Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Examination of Phenolic acids Contained in Extracts From Four Marrubium Species

88%
Kozyra M., Biernasiuk A., Antonik R., Malm A., Zgórka G.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
|
2018
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vol. 75
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issue 4
937-950
8
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In vitro susceptibility of oral Candida albicans isolates to chlorhexidine

88%
Biernasiuk A., Szymańska J., Kustra A., Korona-Głowniak I., Malm A.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
|
2018
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vol. 75
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issue 3
EN
Fungal infections are an important medical problem in patients from different risk groups. The majority of these infections are caused by Candida spp., with over 50 % due to C. albicans. The purpose of the study was to evaluate in vitro chlorhexidine effect on C. albicans colonizing the mouth and throat isolated from 5 population groups. The study material included the reference strains of C. albicans ATCC 2091 and C. albicans ATCC 10231, routinely used for evaluation of antimicrobials, and 120 clinical isolates of C. albicans from: hospitalized cancer patients (30 isolates), chronic HCV patients (31 isolates), immunocompromised patients (28 isolates), healthy school-age children (31 isolates), elderly people – aged 65 years or older (30 isolates). Chlorhexidine inhibited the growth of C. albicans at the concentrations of 0.625-5 µg/ml (in particular, 2.5 µg/ml solution was effective against strains from immunocompromised patients and 5 µg/ml – against the remaining isolates). The yeasts were also killed by 2.5-20 µg/ml chlorhexidine solutions. The concentration of 5 µg/ml was particularly active against the strains isolated from the elderly, immunocompromised and lung cancer patients, while 10 µg/ml inhibited the growth of the strains from the remaining two groups. Moreover, C. albicans isolates from hepatitis C patients and healthy children comparing to strains from the elderly were less sensitive to chlorhexidine fungicidal effect and these differences were statistically significant. According to our studies, the fungicidal effect of chlorhexidine seems to depend on the origin of the tested oral C. albicans strains from various patient groups.
9
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Overview on fosfomycin and its current and future clinical significance

88%
Chudzik-Rzad B., Andrzejczuk S., Rzad M., Tomasiewicz K., Malm A.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
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2015
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vol. 28
|
issue 1
33-36
EN
Fosfomycin is an old antibiotic with a unique chemical structure and with broadspectrum activity against numerous bacterial pathogens, both Gram-positive and Gramnegative, including resistant and multi-resistant strains. This antibiotic was accepted into clinical practice in the early 1970s. Its use, however, has been limited for several years for treating mainly lower uncomplicated urinary tract infections (in the form of fosfomycin trometamol taken orally). Nowadays, many clinicians and scientists are looking at this antibacterial drug for its employment in the treatment of severe infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria. Fosfomycin as an intravenous formulation (fosfomycin disodium) achieves clinically relevant concentrations in the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid, in kidney, bladder wall, prostate, lungs, bone and heart valves tissues, as well as in inflamed tissues and abscess fluid. The available clinical studies confirmed the efficacy of intravenous fosfomycin for the management of severe infections caused by multiresistant pathogens.
10
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Identification of Bacillus spp. colonizing the nasal mucosa of healthy adults living in the suburban area using the matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system

88%
Kosikowska U., Stepien-Pysniak D., Ozga D., Wernicki A., Malm A.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
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2014
|
vol. 27
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issue 3
137-141
EN
Bacillus spp. can be regarded as a rare component of the nasal mucosa microflora. The aim of this study was to identify Bacillus spp. from the nasal mucosa of healthy adults living in the suburban area near Lublin using the matrix-assisted laser desorptionionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system. A total of 11 bacterial isolates from the nasal specimens were cultured. The following species were identified using the routine microbiological methods: Staphylococcus aureus (3 isolates), S. epidermidis (1 isolate), S. intermedius (1 isolate) and Staphylococcus spp. (1 isolate). Moreover, 2 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated. Besides, 3 isolates of Bacillus spp. were found. These isolates were characterized by means of MALDI-TOF MS, resulting in highly specific mass spectral fingerprints and these were identified as B. pumilus, B. safenis and B. licheniformis. It was observed that all studied Bacillus spp. isolates only had the masses in common at 3864 ± 2, 7727 ± 2, and 14301 ± 4. The spectra of B. safensis and B. pumilus showed peaks at m/z 4914 ± 3, 6621 ± 3 and 14291 ± 2, which were absent in the spectrum of B. licheniformis. For B. safenis and B. pumilus, other potential biomarkers could be found at m/z 12620 and 16668, respectively.
11
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Antimicrobial activity of petroleum ether and methanolic extracts from fruits of Seseli devenyense Simonk. and the herb of Peucedanum luxurians Tamam.

88%
Widelski J., Grzegorczyk A., Malm A., Chinou I., Głowniak K.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
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2015
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vol. 28
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issue 4
257-259
EN
Plants of the Apiaceae family usually contain coumarins. These are used worldwide in traditional medicine, as well as in modern therapeutics. The aim of our study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of four extracts (methanolic and petroleum ether extracts) obtained from two Apiaceae species: Seseli devenyense (fruits) and Peucedanum luxurians (herb). The activity of the investigated extracts was tested against 7 strains of Gram+ bacteria, and 7 strains of Gram-, as well as three of yeast. The results of this show that the best activity of such extracts (specifically, by way of petroleum ether) was seen as being against Staphylococcus aureus strains.
12
Content available remote

Energetics of Cdi^2+ efflux system in cadmium-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 17810R

74%
Tynecka Z., Malm A.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1995
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vol. 42
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issue 1
119-123
13
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Energy donor-dependent effect of Cd^2+ on [^14C] glutamate transport in Staphylococcus aures

74%
Malm A., Tynecka Z.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1990
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vol. 37
|
issue 1
117-120
14
Content available remote

Effect of Cd^2+ on phosphate exchange in Staphylococcus aureus

62%
Tynecka Z., Malm A.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1992
|
vol. 39
|
issue 1
39-43
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