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Selected aspects of genetic transformation in cucumber, tomato, and sweet pepper

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Bartoszewski G., Szwacka M., Czarny M., Niemirowicz-Szczytt K., Malepszy S.
Biotechnologia
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2010
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issue 4
146-154
EN
Plant transformation is a technology widely used in gene functional analysis and crop improvement. In this article we have attempted to sum up the studies on plant transformation carried out by the Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, pointing out to recent developments in this field. Efficient Agrobacterium-based transformation protocols for cucumber and tomato were established and applied. Several traits, including fruit taste (thaumatin gene), chilling tolerance (pGT::DHN24), parthenocarpy (DefH9::iaaM), and virus resistance (TSWV nucleoprotein gene), were modified. Transgenic cucumber lines expressing mitochondrially targeted GFP protein were developed. Sensory evaluation of fruit traits and of unintended effects of cucumber expressing thaumatin gene was made. Cucumber and tomato transformation was also applied with the aim to carry out gene functional analysis. Having introduced overexpression, silencing, and promoter gene constructs, we were able to obtain several transgenic tomato lines. Attempts have been made to set up an efficient method of sweet pepper transformation.
2
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Spingosine stimulates calcium mobilization and modulates calcium signals evoked by thapsigargin in glioma C6 cells

100%
Sabala P., Wiktorek M., Czarny M., Chaban W., Baranska J.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1996
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vol. 56
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issue 2
507-513
EN
The effect of sphingosine on intracullular calcium signalling in glioma C6 cells was studied with Fura-2 video imaging technique.Sphingosine had a direct effect on changes in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration only when applied at high concentation of 100 muM, causing the cytosolic Ca2+ level to rise.However, at a much lower concentration of 15 muM sphingosine diminished calcium responses triggered by thapsigargin and ionomycin (calcium ionophore).Since responses to thapsigargin and ionomycin were blocked in Ca2+ -free medium, we postulate that sphingosine is acting on the intracellular calcium stores.Additionally, sphingosine (at 15muM and 100muM)markedly decreases thapsigargin-induced sustained elevation in cytosolic Ca2+ concentation, indicating its inhibitory effect in thapsigargin-evoked Ca2+ influx.Sphingosine is known inhibitor of protein kinase C and the involvment of this enzyme is postulated in the modulatory effects of spingosine on intracellular calcium dynamics.
3

Nucleotide excision repair, NER - a relationship with cancer risk

100%
Butkiewicz D., Rusin M., Pawlas M., Czarny M., Chorazy M.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
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2002
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vol. 56
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issue 4
485-498
EN
DNA damage repair, responsible for maintaining the genome integrity, plays a central role in cancer biology. Individual DNA repair capacity is genetically determined. Inherited defect in nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes leads to three distinct and extremely rare disorders: xeroderma pigmentosum, associated with high risk of skin cancer, Cockayne syndrome, and trichothiodystrophy. The recently identified common polymorphism in several NER genes may also influence a risk of cancer in general population. The review presents current knowledge about a role of genetic variation of NER genes in cancer predisposition.
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