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1

Induction of glucotropaeolin biosynthesis and myrosinase activity in hairy roots of nasturtium

100%
Wielanek M., Urbanek H.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 4
123-127
EN
Kinetin, BAP and NAA increased glucotropaeolin content in dry weight of nasturtium hairy roots but they inhibited biomass growth. Salicylates most strongly (by about 100-200% above control) and DL-?-aminobutyric acid and methyl jasmonate to a lesser degree increased glucotropaeolin yield. They also slightly increased myrosinase activity. Trans-cinnamic acid was a much stronger inducer of myrosinase activity than glucotropaeolin biosynthesis: it strongly inhibited biomass growth. L-1-amino-2-phenylethylphosphonic acid, inhibitor of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), induced glucotropaeolin production and enhanced the effect of salicylates and jasmonate on glucotropaeoplin yield but it did not affect myrosinase activity.
2

Participation of jasmonates in differentiation processes in plants

100%
Saniewski M., Urbanek H.
|
2003
|
issue 3
75-86
EN
Jasmonic acid (JA), methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) and their related compounds which are designated as jasmonates, are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and show various important biological activities in the regulation of plant growth and development, resulting in a consideration that they are putative new plant hormones. Endogenous levels of jasmonates, mainly JA, increase rapidly and transiently in plants or their organs under both abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Jasmonates consist of an integral part of the signal transduction chain between stress signal(s) and stress response(s). In this article, we focused on and reviewed the role of jasmonates in control of differentiation processes in tissue cultures, regeneration and micropropagation, somatic embryo formation, tuber initiation and formation. The involvement of jasmonates in tuberization, tuberous root formation and bulb formation was inferred from their ability to induce the processes in vitro, and from changes in the levels of endogenous jasmonates during the growth of the plants which can account for the initiation of tuberization. The tuberization and the expansion of cells induced by jasmonates always involve the reorientation of cortical microtubules. Differential effect of jasmonic acid on cell cycle progression is also presented. It is still an open question about interactions between jasmonates and other hormones (auxin, ethylene, cytokinins, abscisic acid) in the regulation of meristem activities, cell cycle and other physiological processes.
3

Regeneration of Oxalis triangularis from hairy roots and the influence of glutathione on anthocyanin production

81%
Wielanek M., Urbanek H., Dobras M.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 2
260-266
EN
The Oxalis triangularis transformed plants were regenerated from hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes LBA 9402. In vitro shoot proliferation of the transformed roots-regenerated plants was 65% higher by than that of the non-transformed ones. In vivo the hairy root syndrome was observed for the transformed roots-regenerated plants. Anthocyanin content in the leaves of non-transformed plants was about 40% higher than in the transformed roots-regenerated ones. In the non-transformed plants, GSH (1,5 mM) enhanced anthocyanin production by 30% at the most, while in the transformed roots-regenerated plants the maximal increase in its production was found on the 2nd and 9th days after the treatment, it reached 230-320% and 750-600% of control, respectively.
4

Potential of Phalaris arundinacea L. for phytoremediation

81%
Majorowicz H., Urbanek H., Wielanek M., Zalewski M.
|
2003
|
issue 4
160-166
EN
The influence of a xenobiotic, a substrate and elicitors on glutathione S-transferase, peroxidase activities and glutathione concentration was studied in reed cannarygrass. The induction of both enzymes? activities and glutathione concentrations by 4-chlorophenol (xenobiotic), benzyl isothiocyanate (substrate), salicylic acid and 3-aminobutyric acid (substrate) was shown. Salicylic acid treatment increased glutathione level, but did not decrease GSH/GSSG ratio. The ability of reed cannarygrass to adsorb 4-chlorophenol in the hydroponic culture was demonstrated. The obtained results suggest that the reed cannarygrass has significant potential to conjugate xenobiotics with glutathione and it may be useful for phytoremediation.
5

Endogenous hydrolysis of glucotropaeolin to benzyl isothiocyanate in hairy root cultures of Tropaeolum majus L.

81%
Wielanek M., Urbanek H., Majorowicz H.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 1
210-220
EN
The conditions of endogenous hydrolysis of glucotropaeolin to bioactive benzyl isothiocyanate for T. majus hairy root cultures giving high yields of glucotropaeolin and myrosinase were optimized. After in vitro glucotropaeolin hydrolysis at pH 5.5, optimal for myrosinase activity, 54% of glucotropaeolin were converted to benzyl isothiocyanate, 22% to benzyl cyanide, and 1.9% to benzyl thiocyanate. During endogenous glucotropaeolin hydrolysis, maximal benzyl isothiocyanate yield, 87% of tissue glucotropaeolin, was detected at pH 7.5, in the 60th min of incubation. In the presence of 100 M ascorbic acid, the rate of hydrolysis increased and in the 60th min 99% of glucotropaeolin was converted to benzyl isothiocyanate. The highest benzyl isothiocyanate yield, 0.746 mmol/10 g fresh weight, was obtained during endogenous hydrolysis at pH 7.5, in the presence of 100 M ascorbic acid from the hairy roots with glucotropaeolin content, enhanced by precursors (phenylalanine + cystein) and inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity (l-1-amino-2-phenylethylphosphonic acid).
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