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Activities of brain antioxidant enzymes, lipid and protein peroxidation

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Łukaszewicz-Hussain A.

Open Medicine

2011

vol. 6

issue 5

588-594

Organophosphate pesticides are known to induce oxidative stress and cause oxidative tissue damage, as has been reported in studies concerning acute and chronic intoxication with these compounds. Our objective was to investigate the activities of brain antioxidant enzymes and malonyldialdehyde, as well as the level of carbonyl groups, in rats sub-chronically intoxicated with chlorpyrifos at doses of 0.2, 2 and 5 mg per kg of body weight per day. It was found that chlorpyrifos induces change in brain antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidise, but to a different degree in comparison to proper control values; however, the elevated antioxidant enzymes activities failed to check lipid and protein peroxidation in the brains of rats. Thus, in sub-chronic intoxication with chlorpyrifos, as evidenced by increased level of malonyldialdehyde and carbonyl groups, oxidative stress is induced. Measurements of protein carbonyl groups appeared to give more consistent responses in the rats’ brains when compared to the malonyldialdehyde level after sub-chronic chlorpyrifos treatment.

Changes in antioxidative parameters in the kidney of rats subchronically intoxicated with chlorfenvinphos - an organophosphate insecticide

100%

Łukaszewicz-Hussain A.

Open Medicine

2009

vol. 4

issue 4

506-511

Chlorfenvinphos is an organophosphate insecticide, posing a risk to those who are professionally involved in its production and use in agriculture, as well as to the general population. Organophosphates (OPs) are the class of insecticides, whose primary target is acetylcholinesterase (AChE) that hydrolyzes acetylcholine, a major neurotransmitter at the central and peripheral neuronal synapses. Moreover, many authors postulate that these compounds, both in acute and chronic intoxication, change the activities of antioxidative enzymes, thus leading to the enhancement of lipid peroxidation in many tissues. In the current study, animals received once a day, intragastrically with a stomach tube, 0.1ml/100g of olive oil (control groups) and oil solution of chlorfenvinphos at a dose of 0.02LD50 (0.3 mg/kg b. w.) - the experimental groups. The animals were sacrificed on day 14 or on day 28 of exposure. In the kidneys of rats, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) as well as reduced glutathione level (GSH) were determined. Chlorfenvinphos administration resulted in increased activities of antioxidative enzymes in the kidney of rats. Renal activities of SOD, GPx and GR were more pronounced on day 28 of chlorfenvinphos exposure than on day 14. The kidney reduced glutathione level (GSH) did not change in comparison to the control level. The current experimental findings indicate that subchronic administration of chlorfenvinphos leads to an adaptive response in the kidney of rats and this response is mostly due to reduced glutathione level and glutathione metabolism.

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2 Open Medicine

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Activities of brain antioxidant enzymes, lipid and protein peroxidation

Changes in antioxidative parameters in the kidney of rats subchronically intoxicated with chlorfenvinphos - an organophosphate insecticide