The present work is devoted to the magnetic relaxation study of the single crystal CsNd(MoO₄)₂ a layered rare-earth dimolybdate. AC susceptibility measurements performed in magnetic fields up to B=5 T applied along the easy and hard axis with frequency f ≈1 kHz revealed rather complex field-induced slow magnetic relaxation. Two relaxation regimes in different magnetic field intervals connected with magnetic interactions and possible single-ion relaxation mechanism were observed.
Specific heat, magnetization and DC susceptibility of the single crystal CsNd(MoO_{4})_{2},a layered rare-earth dimolybdate, have been investigated nominally, in the temperature range from 100 mK to 300 K in the magnetic field up to 5 T, applied along the a axis. The analysis of the experimental data revealed the absence of a phase transition to the magnetic ordered state down to 100 mK. The application of a standard two-level model yielded an excellent agreement with the specific heat data above 2 K in nonzero magnetic field indicating a weakness of magnetic correlations and a predominant occupation of the ground-energy doublet. The latter indicates a large energy separation between the ground and first excited doublet. These measurements suggest that CsNd(MoO_{4})_{2} can represent a good realization of a single-ion magnet.
The thermal conductivity of CsGd(MoO_4)_2 has been studied in the temperature range from 2 to 50 K in zero magnetic field. The analysis of the data performed within the Debye model with the relaxation-time approximation revealed the presence of the scattering of phonons by critical fluctuations. The behaviour of phonon mean free path at the lowest temperatures is discussed.
CsDy(MoO₄)₂ belongs to the family of binary alkaline rare-earth molybdates, with detectable low-temperature structural phase transitions, caused by the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect. Magnetocaloric studies of a single crystal of CsDy(MoO₄)₂ have been performed in the temperature range from 2 K to 18 K in magnetic fields up to 7 T applied along the crystallographic a axis. The maximum value of the isothermal entropy change is about 8 J/(kgK) and was achieved already in the fields above 2 T. The observed results suggest that the studied system can be used as a magnetic refrigerant at helium temperatures.
We present the study of spin dynamics of KEr(MoO₄)₂ in the magnetic field applied along the hard axis c. The temperature dependence of AC susceptibility in zero magnetic field studied at frequencies f=10, 100, and 1000 Hz indicated the absence of relaxation in the temperature range from 2 to 20 K. Application of magnetic field induced a slow magnetic relaxation, which was investigated in detail in the field 0.5 T. The highest intensity of the relaxation process, reflected by the values of imaginary susceptibility was observed at 2 K. With increasing temperature, the relaxation process is weaker and vanishes completely above 3.5 K. Corresponding Cole-Cole diagrams were constructed and analyzed within a single relaxation process which can be associated with a direct relaxation process with a bottleneck effect, τ ≈1/T^b, and b=1.4. The slow relaxation at 2 K intensifies with increasing magnetic field at least up to 1 T.
The heat transport in a single-crystal of CsNiF_3 has been performed in the temperature range from 2 K to 7 K in a zero magnetic field, B = 0, as well as in sufficiently large magnetic fields, B = 6 T and 9 T, inducing the ferromagnetic ground state along the hard c-axis. CsNiF_3 represents an S = 1 quasi-one-dimensional XY ferromagnet with the intra-chain exchange coupling J/k_{B} ≈ 24 K, single-ion anisotropy D/k_{B} ≈ 8 K, and ordering temperature T_{N} = 2.7 K. Comparison of the phonon and magnon velocities suggests that phonons are the main heat carriers in this magnetic insulator. The thermal conductivity in B = 0 was analysed in the frame of a standard Debye model. The temperature dependence of the effective phonon mean free path was calculated from the experimental data, and the enhancement of the phonon mean free path in B ≠ 0 was obtained, indicating that magnons act as scattering centers for phonons.
The thermal conductivity of the quasi-one-dimensional S = 5/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet CsMnCl_3·2H_2O with the intrachain interaction J/k_{B} = 3 K was experimentally studied at temperatures from 2 to 25 K. The data analysis performed within the Debye model with the relaxation-time approximation unambiguously indicates the presence of the scattering of phonons on magnetic subsystem.
The spin dynamics of a layered magnetic insulator, KEr(MoO₄)₂, have been investigated in a magnetic field applied along the easy axis at temperatures where the magnetism is dominated by the occupation of a ground doublet. More specifically, the DC magnetization and AC susceptibility were studied in magnetic fields up to 5 T and at temperatures ranging from 1.8 to 20 K. The temperature dependence of the AC susceptibility suggests a slowing down of magnetic relaxation with increasing magnetic field. The magnetic field dependence of the AC susceptibility, studied at nominally 2 K, indicates the presence of low-field, intermediate-field, and high-field regimes characterized by the interplay of internal and external magnetic fields that give rise to different relaxation processes.
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