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The use of one-dimensional pain tool assessment – review of the literature

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Filipczyk P., Kasolik D., Saulicz E., Rottermund J.
Medical Rehabilitation
|
2014
|
vol. 18(2)
23-30
EN
An effective and, more importantly, reliable measurement of pain has always been a difficult task, mainly due to the availability of only a subjective evaluation of pain. However, an accurate estimation of the sensation is extremely useful in the healing process, and it can determine the effectiveness of treatment. The multitude of different types of pain rating scales found in scientific research inspires reflections on their quality and possible use in the processes of both therapy and research. The aim of this paper is to present one-dimensional pain assessment scales, showing their advantages and disadvantages with respect to criteria such as age, cultural background, pain type, disorder type, and the ease of application and interpretation, as well as to try to select the best one from the scales listed. This paper also aims to present possible modifications of pain rating scales that have appeared in recent years as new measurement tools used in scientific research on the subjective assessment of pain. All articles were found via the EBSCO HOST website. Only English-language literature was taken into consideration; only those articles where it was possible to view their full text were taken into consideration. The individual search tags used were as follows: ‘pain measurement tool’, ‘pain scale’ and ‘NRS scale’. The last criterion was adopted because the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) is the most commonly used scale in research on the method of measuring pain, regardless of pain type, severity, cause, or duration. The literature complied for this paper was published between 1979 and 2013. The articles analysed indicate that each of the pain rating scales listed could be a reliable measurement tool. However, the highest rated and the most commonly used scales are NRS and FPS (Face Pain Scale – pain assessment scale using facial images). It should be emphasized that only the appropriately matched tools for measuring pain intensity, tailored to a research group, shall determine the effectiveness of the research.
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