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PL
Kinetic curves for multiple reactions have been determined by the means of the Monte Carlo method. Both reversible and nonreversible parallel, series, series-parallel and autocatalytic reactions have been taken under consideration. The complete consistency between results of stochastic calculations and results obtained with the use of deterministic models has been shown.
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PL
Computational models for adsorption in a tank are presented. The approximate model provides the same results as the exact model. The diffusion coefficient of a dye in an adsorbent pellet and the mass transfer coefficient in a fluid phase were determined on the basis of the measurements of dye adsorption on the activated carbon. It was determined how the fraction of the resistance to mass transfer in the fluid to the overall mass transfer resistance changes during adsorption. It was found that, for the examined system, the main resistance to mass transfer is located in the liquid phase.
PL
A mathematical model of a ground heat exchanger cooperating with a heat pump was presented. The model is based on a one-dimensional heat conduction equation with an internal heat source. On the basis of the solutions to the model equations, both the temperature distribution of different types of ground at different times of year as well as the time courses of temperature at different depths are shown. Calculations based on the presented model can be useful for the simulation and design of this apparatus.
PL
The paper summarizes the results of tests of separation of oil-in-water emulsions with the application of novel organic deemulsifiers. Fresh and used emulsions of different concentrations were tested. The manipulated variables were: the concentration of oil in the emulsion; the concentration and amount of deemulsifier solution; the temperature. The results of these tests are presented graphically.
PL
The paper refers to the kinetics of batch adsorption in a perfect mixing reservoir. Systems with a linear adsorption equilibrium, spherical adsorbent pellets and mass transfer resistance in both phases are considered. An approximate kinetic model, based on approximation with the use of continued fractions, was used in calculations. It was found that the model gives results consistent with the exact solution.
PL
The need to keep up a constant body temperature forces on man both the conditions of staying as well as limitations of staying time in cold and hot microclimate. The factors influencing the heat transfer between the man and the surroundings are: the metabolic rate, clothing thermal insulation properties and physical parameters of surroundings (air temperature, humidity and velocity as well as heat radiation temperature). This paper deals with conditions and limitations of staying for man in cold microclimate. Results of applicable calculations have been presented graphically.
PL
The results of calculations of the heat transfer in a horizontal ground heat exchanger are presented. The applied model is based on a one-dimensional equation of the transient heat conduction with an internal heat source. The model was correctly verified by comparison of computational results and experimental measurements presented in literature. Thermal calculations concerning heat transfer in the ground under natural conditions are also presented.
PL
The aim of this work is to present the results of studies on heat and mass transfer in an adsorber, which is the main part of an adsorption chiller. The paper refers to adsorption of water vapor on silica gel grains. Adsorbent grains were coated on the outer surface of a copper pipe. The influence of grains diameter and flow rate of the gas phase on process intensity was considered.
EN
Periodic adsorption in a perfect mixing tank of a limited volume was considered. It was assumed that the adsorption rate is limited by diffusion resistance in a pellet. The approximate model of diffusion kinetics based on a continued fraction approximation was compared with the exact analytical solution. For the approximate model an algorithm was developed to determine a temporal variation of the adsorbate concentration in the pellet. The comparison was made for different values of the adsorbent load factor. In the numerical tests different shapes of pellets were considered. Both the numerical tests as well as our own experimental results showed that the approximate model provides results that are in good agreement with the exact solution. In the experimental part of this work adsorption of p-nitrophenol and acetic acid from aqueous solutions on cylindrical pellets of activated carbon was conducted.
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Modelling of Heat Transfer in Ground Heat Exchangers

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PL
The results of the numerical simulation of heat conduction in ground with a horizontal, tubular (parallel pipes) heat exchanger installed are presented in this paper. On the basis of analysis of courses of temperature isolines in the ground, a simplified mathematical heat transfer model in a horizontal ground exchanger was developed. The ground thermal diffusivity was assumed to be a variable of location. On the basis of the model, the temperature profiles in the ground with a heat exchanger installed were determined.
PL
The results of the numerical simulation of heat conduction in ground with a horizontal, tubular (parallel pipes) heat exchanger installed are presented in this paper. On the basis of analysis of courses of temperature isolines in the ground, a simplified mathematical heat transfer model in a horizontal ground exchanger was developed. The ground thermal diffusivity was assumed to be a variable of location. On the basis of the model, the temperature profiles in the ground with a heat exchanger installed were determined.
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